醫
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Translingual
Japanese | 医 |
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Simplified | 医 |
Traditional | 醫 |
Han character
醫 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+11, 18 strokes, cangjie input 尸水一金田 (SEMCW), four-corner 77601, composition ⿱殹酉)
Derived characters
- 鿀, 𡄵, 𧕪, 𧮒
References
- KangXi: page 1287, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40006
- Dae Jaweon: page 1787, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3595, character 9
- Unihan data for U+91AB
Chinese
trad. | 醫 | |
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simp. | 医* |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 醫 | ||
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Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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鷖 | *qiː |
翳 | *qiː, *qiːs |
嫛 | *qiː |
黳 | *qiː |
繄 | *qiː, *qiːs |
医 | *qiːs |
嫕 | *qiːs |
蘙 | *qiːs |
瞖 | *qiːs |
殹 | *qiːs |
贀 | *ɢʷis |
醫 | *qɯ |
毉 | *qɯ |
蠮 | *qiːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qɯ) : phonetic 殹 (OC *qiːs) + semantic 酉 (“liquor”).
Alternatively, as an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 殹 (“to groan”) + 酉 (“liquor”) – using medicinal liquor to treat a groaning patient.
Etymology
Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *ʔə and suggests it is cognate with Proto-Hlai *ja¹ (“medicine”), Proto-Kam-Sui *gja² (“medicine; to cure”), Proto-Tai *ˀjɯəᴬ (“medicine”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
醫
- medicinal; medicine
- doctor
- 子曰:「南人有言曰:『人而無恆,不可以作巫醫。』善夫!不恆其德,或承之羞。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Zǐyuē: “Nánrén yǒu yán yuē: ‘Rén ér wúhéng, bùkěyǐ zuò wūyī.’ Shàn fú! Bùhéng qí dé, huò chéng zhī xiū.” [Pinyin]
- The Master said, "The people of the south have a saying - 'A man without constancy cannot be either a wizard or a doctor.' Good! Inconstant in his virtue, he will be visited with disgrace."
子曰:“南人有言曰:‘人而无恒,不可以作巫医。’善夫!不恒其德,或承之羞。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 凡大醫治病,必當安神定志,無欲無求,先發大慈惻隱之心。誓願普救含靈之苦。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: Sun Simiao, Essential Formulas Worth a Thousand Weights in Gold to Prepare for Emergencies, 652 CE
- Fán dàyī zhìbìng, bì dāng ānshén dìngzhì, wúyù wúqiú, xiānfā dàcí cèyǐn zhī xīn. Shìyuàn pǔjiù hánlíng zhī kǔ. [Pinyin]
- In all cases, when you treat disease as an eminent physician, you must quiet your spirit and fix your intention, you must be free of wants and desires, and you must first develop a heart full of great compassion and empathy. You must pledge your desire to rescue all sentient beings indiscriminately from their suffering.
凡大医治病,必当安神定志,无欲无求,先发大慈恻隐之心。誓愿普救含灵之苦。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- to cure; to treat
- 冇得醫/冇得医 [Cantonese] ― mou5 dak1 ji1 [Jyutping] ― untreatable
- 「假病,老子給你醫!」 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1935, Xia Yan, 《包身工》 [Indentured Labor]
- “jiǎ bìng, lǎozi gěi nǐ yī!” [Pinyin]
- You fake sickness; I'll give you the cure.
“假病,老子给你医!” [MSC, simp.]
- (Sichuanese) to punish
Synonyms
- (to treat):
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Compounds
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Descendants
- → Japanese: 医 (i)
References
- “醫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Shinjitai | 医 |
Kyūjitai | 醫 |
Kanji
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 医)
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Readings
- Go-on: い (i)
- Kan-on: い (i)
- Kun: いやす (iyasu, 醫やす); くすし (kusushi, 醫)
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 醫 (MC ʔɨ).
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɰi]
- Phonetic hangul: [의]
Hanja
Wikisource醫 (eumhun 의원 의 (uiwon ui))
- Hanja form? of 의 (“medicine; doctor”).
Compounds
- 수의 (獸醫, suui)
- 의료 (醫療, uiryo)
- 의학 (醫學, uihak)
- 명의 (名醫, myeong'ui)
- 의술 (醫術, uisul)
- 군의 (軍醫, gunui)
- 의원 (醫院, uiwon)
- 의사 (醫師, uisa, “doctor”)
- 주치의 (主治醫, juchiui)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
醫: Hán Nôm readings: y
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Compounds
- y học 醫學