街

街	U+8857, 街 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8857

← 衖
[U+8856]

CJK Unified Ideographs

衘 →
[U+8858]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

街 (Kangxi radical 144, 行+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹人土土弓 (HOGGN), four-corner 2110₄, composition ⿲彳圭亍)

References

KangXi: page 1109, character 17

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34051

Dae Jaweon: page 1573, character 18

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 831, character 16

Unihan data for U+8857

Chinese

simp. and trad.		街
2nd round simp.		亍

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
街	kreː, kreː
鞋	ɡreː, ɡreː, *ɡreː
娾	ŋreː, ŋreːʔ
佳	*kreː
鮭	ɡreː, kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
涯	ŋreː, ŋre
崖	ŋreː, ŋre
啀	*ŋreː
厓	*ŋreː
捱	*ŋreː
睚	*ŋreːs
娃	*qreː
洼	qreː, qʷraː, *kʷeː
哇	qreː, qʷraː
胿	ɡeː, kʷeː
溎	*qeːns
觟	*ɡʷraːʔ
黊	ɡʷraːʔ, ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː
蘳	ɡʷraːʔ, qʰʷe
蛙	qʷraː, qʷreː
窪	*qʷraː
卦	*kʷreːs
挂	*kʷreːs
掛	*kʷreːs
詿	kʷreːs, ɡʷreːs
罣	kʷreːs, ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs
絓	kʰʷreː, ɡʷreːs
鼃	ɢʷreː, qʷreː
圭	*kʷeː
珪	*kʷeː
邽	*kʷeː
閨	*kʷeː
袿	*kʷeː
窐	kʷeː, ɡʷeː
茥	kʷeː, kʰʷeː
桂	*kʷeːs
筀	*kʷeːs
奎	*kʰʷeː
刲	*kʰʷeː
蝰	*kʰʷeː
楏	*kʰʷeː
睳	*qʰʷeː
畦	*ɡʷeː
眭	ɡʷeː, sqʰʷe, qʰʷe, qʰʷi
烓	qʷeː, kʰʷeːŋʔ
跬	*kʰʷeʔ
恚	*qʷes
硅	*qʰʷreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreː, *kreː) : semantic 行 + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiē (jie¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝ
(Chengdu, SP): gai¹
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гэ (ge, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): gaai¹
(Taishan, Wiktionary): gai⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): gai¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kiê / kiâi
(Meixian, Guangdong): gê¹
Jin (Wiktionary): jie¹
Min Bei (KCR): gái
Min Dong (BUC): gă̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): koe / ke / kere / kai
(Teochew, Peng'im): goi¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ka (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): gai¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiē
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jie
  - Wade–Giles: chieh¹
  - Yale: jyē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jie
  - Palladius: цзе (cze)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: gai¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gai
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гэ (ge, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaai¹
  - Yale: gāai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːi̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: gai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai⁴²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiê
  - Hakka Romanization System: gie´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gie¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯e²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiâi
  - Hakka Romanization System: giai´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giai¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯ai̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gê¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ke⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jie¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕie¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gái
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gă̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Changtai, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Singapore, Klang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koe
  - Tâi-lô: kue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koef
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Lukang, Klang): /kue³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Yongchun, Changtai, Taipei, Kinmen, Singapore): /kue⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke
  - Tâi-lô: ke
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kef
  - IPA (Penang): /ke³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /ke⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /kiei⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kere
  - Tâi-lô: kere
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Hui'an, Yongchun)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kai
  - Tâi-lô: kai
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kay
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yongchun): /kai⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Hui'an): /kai³³/

Note:

koe/ke/kere - vernacular;
kai - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: goi¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: koi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /koi³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ka (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka̱⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: gai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai³³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 街
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kai⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕie²¹/ /kai²¹/ 老
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiɛ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕiɛ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiɛ²¹/
	Xining	/kɛ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kɛ⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕie⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kɛ³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kai⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kai⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/kai⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/kai⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/kæ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕiɛ³¹/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕie̞²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕie¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕie̞¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕie³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ka⁵³/
	Suzhou	/kɑ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕie̞³³/
	Wenzhou	/ka³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ka³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/ka¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/kai³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kai⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/kai⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/ke⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ke²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kai⁵⁵/
	Nanning	/kai⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kai⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kai⁵⁵/ /kue⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kɛ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kai⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/koi³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kɔi²³/

Middle Chinese: /kˠɛ/, /kˠɛi/

Rime
Character	街	街
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	古膎切	古諧切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛ/	/kˠɛi/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæ/	/kᵚæi/
Shao Rongfen	/kæi/	/kɐi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨj/	/kəɨj/
Li Rong	/kɛ/	/kɛi/
Wang Li	/kai/	/kɐi/
Bernard Karlgren	/kai/	/kăi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiā	jiē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaai¹	gaai¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤre/
(Zhengzhang): /*kreː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	街
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiē
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛ ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁre/
English	road-crossing
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	街	街
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4527	4532
Phonetic component	圭	圭
Rime group	支	支
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	皆	佳
Old Chinese	/*kreː/	/*kreː/
Notes	本音佳

Definitions

街

(countable) street (Classifier: 條／条 m c)
街景 ― jiējǐng ― street scene
地下街 ― dìxiàjiē ― underground street
market; fair
Short for 街道 (jiēdào, “subdistrict”).
新港街 ― Xīngǎng Jiē ― Xingang Subdistrict
(Hong Kong Cantonese) block (distance between streets in a grid pattern) (Classifier: 條／条 c)
1. (figuratively) distance; margin
  贏九條街／赢九条街 [Cantonese] ― jeng⁴ gau² tiu⁴ gaai¹ [Jyutping] ― to win by a large margin (literally, “to win nine street blocks”)
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 街 (“street”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		街, 街道
Mandarin	Beijing	街
	Taiwan	街
	Jinan	街
	Xi'an	街, 街道
	Wuhan	街, 街道
	Chengdu	街, 街道
	Guilin	街
	Yangzhou	街
	Hefei	街
Cantonese	Guangzhou	街
	Hong Kong	街
	Yangjiang	街, 街巷
Gan	Nanchang	街
Hakka	Meixian	街, 街路
Jin	Taiyuan	街
Min Bei	Jian'ou	街墿
Min Dong	Fuzhou	街
Min Nan	Xiamen	街路
	Quanzhou	街路
	Zhangzhou	街路
	Tainan	街路, 街仔路, 街仔
	Manila (Hokkien)	街路
	Chaozhou	街路
	Jieyang	街路
Wu	Suzhou	街
Wu	Wenzhou	街路, 街
Xiang	Changsha	街
Xiang	Shuangfeng	街

Compounds

Derived terms from 街

三街六巷
三街六市
上街 (shàngjiē)
串街
六街
六街三市
十字街 (shízìjiē)
南街 (Nánjiē)
叫街
唐人街 (tángrénjiē)
四平街 (Sìpíngjiē)
地下街 (dìxiàjiē)
填街塞巷
大街 (dàjiē)
大街小巷 (dàjiēxiǎoxiàng)
天街
失街亭
官街
屯街塞巷
市街
扒街淘空
把街
新街 (Xīnjiē)
柳巷花街
柳陌花街
槁街
河街 (Héjiē)
沿街 (yánjiē)
站街 (zhànjiē)
老街 (lǎojiē)
老街坊
花街 (huājiē)
花街柳巷
花街柳陌
街上 (jiēshang)
街仔 (ke-á)
街卒
街口 (jiēkǒu)
街名

街坊 (jiēfang)
街官
街巷
街巷阡陌
街市 (jiēshì)
街心
街河市 (Jiēhéshì)
街溜子
街舞 (jiēwǔ)
街衢
街角 (jiējiǎo)
街道 (jiēdào)
街鼓
跑街
踅街 (se̍h-ke) (Min Nan)
迪化街
逛街 (guàngjiē)
阻街女郎
高湖街 (Gāohújiē)
街里街坊
一街兩巷／一街两巷
倒街臥巷／倒街卧巷
前街後巷／前街后巷
十字街頭／十字街头
唐寧街／唐宁街 (Tángníng Jiē)
對街／对街
巷尾街頭／巷尾街头
巷議街談／巷议街谈
巷議街譚／巷议街谭
後巷前街／后巷前街
後街／后街
打街罵巷／打街骂巷
拽巷攞街／拽巷𫽋街
拽巷邏街／拽巷逻街
掃街／扫街 (sǎojiē)
掃街機／扫街机
搠筆巡街／搠笔巡街
日轉千街／日转千街
流落街頭／流落街头

滿市街／满市街
滿街／满街 (mǎnjiē)
當街／当街 (dāngjiē)
盤街／盘街
籠街喝道／笼街喝道
罵街／骂街 (màjiē)
老街舊鄰／老街旧邻
老鼠過街／老鼠过街
臨街／临街 (línjiē)
臭街爛巷／臭街烂巷
舊街／旧街 (Jiùjiē)
華爾街／华尔街 (Huá'ěrjiē)
街坊鄰居／街坊邻居
街坊鄰舍／街坊邻舍
街壘／街垒
街燈／街灯 (jiēdēng)
街號巷哭／街号巷哭
街談巷語／街谈巷语
街談巷說／街谈巷说 (jiētánxiàngshuō)
街談巷議／街谈巷议 (jiētánxiàngyì)
街邏／街逻
街門／街门 (jiēmén)
街面兒／街面儿
街頭／街头 (jiētóu)
街頭劇／街头剧
街頭小報／街头小报
街頭巷尾／街头巷尾 (jiētóuxiàngwěi)
街頭巷語／街头巷语
街頭市尾／街头市尾
街頭運動／街头运动
遊街／游街 (yóujiē)
過街樓／过街楼
過街老鼠／过街老鼠 (guòjiē lǎoshǔ)
銅街／铜街
闌街／阑街
電子街／电子街
電影街／电影街
順城街／顺城街

Descendants

→ Bouyei: gaail
→ Zhuang: gai

References

“Entry #9010”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

街

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

main street or boulevard

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō ^†)
Kan’yō-on: がい (gai, Jōyō)
Kun: まち (machi, 街, Jōyō)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) まち [màchíꜜ] (Odaka – [o])
IPA^(key): [ma̠t͡ɕi]

Noun

街(まち) • (machi)

Alternative spelling of 町

Derived terms

街(まち)明(あ)かり (machiakari), 街(まち)明(あか)り (machiakari)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 街 (MC kˠɛ, kˠɛi). Recorded as Middle Korean 개 (kay) (Yale: kay) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(street; road):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ka̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [가]
(in 街道 and 街頭):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ka̠(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
  - Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource街 (eumhun 거리 가 (geori ga))

Hanja form^? of 가 (“street; road”).

Compounds

가로 (街路, garo)
상가 (商街, sangga)
가도 (街道, gado)
가설 (街說, gaseol)
가각 (街角, gagak)
가두 (街頭, gadu)
시가 (市街, siga)
가판 (街販, gapan)
가상 (街上, gasang)
가곽 (街廓, gagwak)
가업 (街業, ga'eop)
사가 (四街, saga)
가촌 (街村, gachon)
가항 (街巷, gahang)
가등 (街燈, gadeung)
사가 (死街, saga)
어가 (御街, eoga)
항가 (港街, hangga)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

街: Hán Nôm readings: nhai

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