菩

菩	U+83E9, 菩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83E9

← 菨
[U+83E8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

菪 →
[U+83EA]

Translingual

Han character

菩 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜廿口 (TYTR), four-corner 4460₁, composition ⿱艹咅)

Derived characters

𬈸, 𠟌

References

KangXi: page 1038, character 35

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31205

Dae Jaweon: page 1497, character 8

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3238, character 9

Unihan data for U+83E9

Chinese

trad.		菩
simp. ^#		菩

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (咅) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蓓	bɯːʔ, bɯːʔ
倍	*bɯːʔ
菩	bɯːʔ, bɯʔ, bɯː, bɯːɡ
掊	bruː, poːʔ, bɯ, bɯ
剖	pʰoːʔ, pʰoʔ
婄	pʰɯʔ, bɯʔ, *bɯː
踣	pʰɯs, bɯːɡ
箁	*bɯ
咅	pʰɯʔ, pʰl'oːs
部	boːʔ, boːʔ, boːʔ, boːʔ
培	boːʔ, bɯː
犃	*boːʔ
瓿	boːʔ, bɯ, *bo
殕	pɯʔ, pʰoʔ, *qɯːɡ
醅	pʰɯ, pʰɯː
棓	bɯ, broːŋʔ, *bɯː
涪	*bɯ
賠	*bɯː
陪	*bɯː
毰	*bɯː
焙	*bɯːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bɯːʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː, *bɯːɡ) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bèi (bei⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bèi
  - Wade–Giles: pei⁴
  - Yale: bèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bey
  - Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: /bʌi^X/, /bɨu^X/, /bək̚/

Rime
Character	菩	菩	菩
Reading #	2/4	3/4	4/4
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	並 (3)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	尤 (136)	登 (131)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	I
Fanqie	薄亥切	房久切	蒲北切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʌi^X/	/bɨu^X/	/bək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bəi^X/	/biu^X/	/bək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/bɒi^X/	/biəu^X/	/bək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bəj^X/	/buw^X/	/bək̚/
Li Rong	/bᴀi^X/	/biu^X/	/bək̚/
Wang Li	/bɒi^X/	/bĭəu^X/	/bək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱɑ̆i^X/	/bʱi̯ə̯u^X/	/bʱək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bài	fòu	bó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	boi⁶	fau⁶	bak⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bɯːʔ/, /*bɯʔ/, /*bɯːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菩	菩	菩
Reading #	1/4	2/4	4/4
No.	9838	9859	9875
Phonetic component	咅	咅	咅
Rime group	之	之	職
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	倍	婦	菔
Old Chinese	/*bɯːʔ/	/*bɯʔ/	/*bɯːɡ/

Definitions

菩

a kind of herb

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bó (bo²)
(Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bó
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bó
  - Wade–Giles: po²
  - Yale: bwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
  - Palladius: бо (bo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pwɔ³⁵/

Definitions

菩

Only used in 麻菩楊／麻菩杨.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): pú (pu²)
(Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ
(Chengdu, SP): pu²
Cantonese (Jyutping): pou⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): pu²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): phù
(Meixian, Guangdong): pu²
Min Dong (BUC): bù
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): phô͘
(Teochew, Peng'im): pu⁵
Xiang (Wiktionary): pu²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pú
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pú
  - Wade–Giles: pʻu²
  - Yale: pú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu
  - Palladius: пу (pu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: pu²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: pou⁴
  - Yale: pòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰou̯²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: pu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phù
  - Hakka Romanization System: puˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pu²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰu¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: pu²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰu¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phô͘
  - Tâi-lô: phôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɔ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɔ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: pu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: pu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu¹³/

Middle Chinese: /buo/

Rime
Character	菩
Reading #	1/4
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	薄胡切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buo/
Pan Wuyun	/buo/
Shao Rongfen	/bo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bɔ/
Li Rong	/bo/
Wang Li	/bu/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pou⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菩
Reading #	3/4
No.	9861
Phonetic component	咅
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	酺
Old Chinese	/*bɯː/
Notes	中古梵譯bo

Definitions

菩

Used in 菩提 (pútí).
Used in 菩薩／菩萨 (púsà).

References

“菩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

菩

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

a kind of grass
sacred tree

Readings

Go-on: ばい (bai); ぶ (bu); ぼく (boku)
Kan-on: はい (hai); ふう (fū); ほ (ho); ほく (hoku)
Kan’yō-on: ぼ (bo)
Kun: ほとけぐさ (hotokegusa, 菩)

Compounds

菩(ぼ)薩(さつ) (bosatsu)
菩(ぼ)提(だい) (bodai)
菩多尼訶(ボタニカ)経(きょう) (Botanika-kyō)
三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (sanbodai), 三藐(さんみゃく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (sanmyaku sanbodai)
須(しゅ)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (Shubodai)

Korean

Hanja

菩 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po, Yale po)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

菩: Hán Nôm readings: bồ, mồ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.