苦讀

苦讀

See also: 苦读

Chinese

		bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful	to read; to study; comma to read; to study; comma; phrase marked by pause
trad. (苦讀)		苦	讀
simp. (苦读)		苦	读

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kǔdú

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨˇ ㄉㄨˊ

• Min Nan (POJ): khó͘-tho̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: kǔdú
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨˇ ㄉㄨˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuudwu
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ tu³⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khó͘-tho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: khóo-tho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoftok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔk̚⁴/

Verb

苦讀

1. to study hard

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (苦讀):

• → Vietnamese: khổ độc (苦讀)