般

See also: 船

般	U+822C, 般 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-822C

← 舫
[U+822B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

舭 →
[U+822D]

Translingual

Stroke order (Japan)

Han character

般 (Kangxi radical 137, 舟+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹卜竹弓水 (HYHNE), four-corner 2744₇, composition ⿰舟殳)

sort, manner, kind, category

Derived characters

槃, 盤, 磐, 螌, 媻, 𪒀, 瘢, 𥈼, 鞶, 幋, 䰉, 搫

References

KangXi: page 1009, character 30

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30388

Dae Jaweon: page 1467, character 10

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3057, character 8

Unihan data for U+822C

Chinese

trad.		般
simp. ^#		般
alternative forms		𦨗

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 般
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (般) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
螌	*praːn
般	praːn, paːn, *baːn
媻	baːl, baːn
搫	baːl, baːn
搬	*paːn
盤	*baːn
磐	*baːn
瘢	*baːn
幋	*baːn
槃	*baːn
縏	*baːn
鎜	*baːn
鞶	*baːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 舟 (“boat”) + 殳 (“rotate”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bān (ban¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄅㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bun¹
Min Dong (BUC): băng / buăng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): poaⁿ / pan / poan
(Teochew, Peng'im): buan¹
Wu (Wiktionary): pe (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bān
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ban
  - Wade–Giles: pan¹
  - Yale: bān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ban
  - Palladius: бань (banʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pän⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bun¹
  - Yale: būn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bun¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: bun¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puːn⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: băng / buăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paŋ⁵⁵/, /puaŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poaⁿ / pan / poan
  - Tâi-lô: puann / pan / puan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pvoaf, pafn, poafn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /puã⁴⁴/, /pan⁴⁴/, /puan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /puã³³/, /pan³³/, /puan³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /puã⁴⁴/, /pan⁴⁴/, /puan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /puã⁴⁴/, /pan⁴⁴/, /puan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /puã⁴⁴/, /pan⁴⁴/, /puan⁴⁴/

Note:

poaⁿ - vernacular;
pan, poan - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: buan¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: puaⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pũã³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: pe (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pe̞⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /puɑn/, /pˠan/

Rime
Character	般	般
Reading #	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	刪 (69)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	北潘切	布還切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puɑn/	/pˠan/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷɑn/	/pᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/puɑn/	/pɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pwan/	/paɨn/
Li Rong	/puɑn/	/pan/
Wang Li	/puɑn/	/pan/
Bernard Karlgren	/puɑn/	/pan/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bān	bān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bun¹	baan¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*praːn/, /*paːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	般	般
Reading #	1/3	2/3
No.	227	231
Phonetic component	般	般
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	班	𤳖
Old Chinese	/*praːn/	/*paːn/

Definitions

般

sort; kind; class
like; similar to
兄弟般的感情 ― xiōngdì bān de gǎnqíng ― brotherly affection
Alternative form of 搬 (bān, “to move”).
a surname

Compounds

一般 (yībān)
一般性 (yībānxìng)
一般法
一般而言 (yībān'éryán)
依般
全般 (quánbān)
千般
另般
多般
恁般
百般 (bǎibān)
般倕
般弄

般般
般配 (bānpèi)
那般
一般無二／一般无二
一般見識／一般见识 (yībānjiànshí)
三般兩樣／三般两样
兩樣三般／两样三般
八般大禮／八般大礼
千般萬樣／千般万样
如此這般／如此这般
幾般／几般
百般刁難／百般刁难 (bǎibān diāonàn)
百般忙亂／百般忙乱

百般恩愛／百般恩爱
百般解說／百般解说
般師／般师
般調／般调
萬般／万般 (wànbān)
諸般／诸般 (zhūbān)
這般／这般 (zhèbān)
這般如此／这般如此
這般說來／这般说来
這般這般／这般这般
銀鈴般／银铃般
魯般／鲁般
魯般尺／鲁般尺

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pán (pan²)
(Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pun⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pán
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pán
  - Wade–Giles: pʻan²
  - Yale: pán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parn
  - Palladius: пань (panʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: pun⁴
  - Yale: pùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pun⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːn²¹/

Middle Chinese: /buɑn/

Rime
Character	般
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	薄官切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwan/
Li Rong	/buɑn/
Wang Li	/buɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pun⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*baːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	般
Reading #	3/3
No.	241
Phonetic component	般
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	槃
Old Chinese	/*baːn/

Definitions

般

^† to rotate
^† to go back and forth; to linger
^† joyful; amused
^† large

Compounds

般桓
般礴

般舟三昧
面般

般樂／般乐
般涉調／般涉调

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bō (bo¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄅㄛ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bo¹, but³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pat
Min Dong (BUC): pŏ̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): poa̍t / pat
(Teochew, Peng'im): puag⁴ / bo¹
Wu (Wiktionary): peq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bō
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bo
  - Wade–Giles: po¹
  - Yale: bwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bo
  - Palladius: бо (bo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pwɔ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bo¹, but³
  - Yale: bō, but
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bo¹, but⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: bo¹, bud³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔː⁵⁵/, /puːt̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pat
  - Hakka Romanization System: bad`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bad⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /pat̚²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: pŏ̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰo⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poa̍t
  - Tâi-lô: pua̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poat
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /puat̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pat
  - Tâi-lô: pat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pad
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pat̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: puag⁴ / bo¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuak / po
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuak̚²/, /po³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: peq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pəʔ⁵⁵/

Definitions

般

Only used in 般若 (bōrě).
Only used in 般涅槃 (bōnièpán).

References

“般”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

般

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

From Middle Chinese 般 (MC puɑn) and 般 (MC pˠan, “sort, kind, class”):

Go-on: へん (hen)
Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 般 (MC buɑn, “rotate, go back and forth”):

Go-on: ばん (ban)
Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)

Compounds

般(はん)舟(じゅ)三(ざん)昧(まい) (hanju-zanmai)
般(はん)若(にゃ) (hannya)
般(はつ)涅(ね)槃(はん) (hatsunehan)
般(ばん)礴(はく) (banhaku)
悦(えっ)般(ぱん) (Eppan)
魯(ろ)般(はん) (Rohan)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
般
はん Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 般 (MC buɑn, puɑn, pˠan).

Affix

般(はん) • (han)

sort, kind, class
instance, time
Used in transliterations

Derived terms

般(はん)化(か) (hanka)
般(はん)楽(らく) (hanraku)
一(いっ)般(ぱん) (ippan)
過(か)般(はん) (kahan)
概(がい)般(はん) (gaihan)
各(かく)般(はん) (kakuhan)
広(こう)般(はん) (kōhan)
此(この)般(はん), 這(この)般(はん) (konohan)
今(こん)般(ぱん) (konpan)
這(しゃ)般(はん) (shahan)
十(じゅう)八(はっ)般(ぱん) (jūhappan)
諸(しょ)般(はん) (shohan)
千(せん)般(ぱん) (senpan)
先(せん)般(ぱん) (senpan)
全(ぜん)般(ぱん) (zenpan)
多(た)般(はん) (tahan)
万(ばん)般(ぱん) (banpan)
百(ひゃっ)般(ぱん) (hyappan)
普(ふ)般(はん)的(てき) (fuhanteki)
両(りょう)般(はん) (ryōhan)

Korean

Hanja

般 (eumhun 가지 반 (gaji ban))

Hanja form^? of 반 (“sort, manner, kind, category”).

般 (eumhun 일반 반 (ilban ban))

Hanja form^? of 반 (“similar, general”).

Vietnamese

Han character

般: Hán Nôm readings: ban, bàn, bơn, bát

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