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单词
释义

U+7F8A, 羊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F8A

[U+7F89]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7F8B]
U+2F7A, ⽺
KANGXI RADICAL SHEEP

[U+2F79]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F7B]
U+2EB6, ⺶
CJK RADICAL SHEEP

[U+2EB5]
CJK Radicals Supplement
[U+2EB7]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 123, 羊+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿手 (TQ), four-corner 80501, composition ⿱䒑𰀁)

  1. Kangxi radical #123, .

Derived characters

  • Appendix:Chinese radical/羊
  • 佯, 𭂎, 咩, 垟, 𫰧, 㟄, 𢏙, 徉, 𪭰, 洋, 𨒫, 𪯷, 样, 烊, 牂, 珜, 祥, 眻, 𥒞, 𮃁, 𬡘, 絴, 𫅧, 蛘, 觧, 詳(详), 𨀘, 𨋽, 𨦡, 𩊑, 䬺, 𩣆, 𫙊, 鮮(鲜), 𪢟
  • 劷, 𨛁, 𢼝, 𣁵, 𭭋, 翔, 鴹, 𠲘, 善, 𩰱, 𧒃, 着, 𫳅, 𦭵, 𭽗, 𬒌, 𥥵, 𥬴, 𪔙, 𫨇, 庠, 𡱝, 痒, 氧, 𠙌, 𪢪, 譱

References

  • KangXi: page 950, character 38
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28425
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1393, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3125, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7F8A

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
ShangWestern ZhouShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone scriptBronze inscriptionsSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – picture of a ram's head.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jaŋ (sheep; yak). Cognate with Tibetan གཡག (g.yag, yak), Lepcha ᰚᰩᰭ (yók, yak), Tangut 𗇼 (/*gjwã²/, goat), Northern Tujia zo³⁵ (goat; sheep).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): yáng (yang2)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˊ
    (Chengdu, SP): yang2
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ён (i͡on, I)
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): joeng4
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiang3
  • Gan (Wiktionary): iong4
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yông
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yong2
  • Jin (Wiktionary): ion1
  • Min Bei (KCR): iô̤ng
  • Min Dong (BUC): iòng
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): iûⁿ / iôⁿ / iâuⁿ / iông / iâng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iên5 / ion5 / iang5
  • Wu (Wiktionary): hhian (T3)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): ian2

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yáng
      • Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: yáng
      • Wade–Giles: yang2
      • Yale: yáng
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yang
      • Palladius: ян (jan)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jɑŋ³⁵/
    • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (羊兒羊儿)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yángr
      • Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊㄦ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: yángr
      • Wade–Giles: yangrh2
      • Yale: yángr
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yangl
      • Palladius: янр (janr)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jɑ̃ɻ³⁵/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: yang2
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iang
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iaŋ²¹/
    • (Dungan)
      • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ён (i͡on, I)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iɑŋ²⁴/
      (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: joeng4
      • Yale: yèuhng
      • Cantonese Pinyin: joeng4
      • Guangdong Romanization: yêng4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jœːŋ²¹/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: yiang3
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jiaŋ²²/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: iong4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iɔŋ³⁵/
  • Hakka
    • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
      • Hakka Romanization System: iong´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yong1
      • Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ²⁴/
    • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
      • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iong´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yong1
      • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ²⁴/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: yong2
      • Sinological IPA: /iɔŋ¹¹/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: ion1
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /iɒ̃¹¹/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iô̤ng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iɔŋ³³/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: iòng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /yoŋ⁵³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Yilan, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Singapore, Philippines)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iûⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: iûnn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: viuu
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iũ²³/
      • IPA (Zhangpu): /iũ²¹³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Yilan, Lukang, Kinmen, Singapore, Philippines): /iũ²⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan, Singapore)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iôⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: iônn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: viooi
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔ̃¹³/
      • IPA (Tainan, Singapore): /iɔ̃²⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Penang)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâuⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: iâunn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: viaau
      • IPA (Penang): /iãu²³/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iông
      • Tâi-lô: iông
      • Phofsit Daibuun: ioong
      • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /iɔŋ²⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ²³/
    • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâng
      • Tâi-lô: iâng
      • Phofsit Daibuun: iaang
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaŋ¹³/
      • IPA (Zhangpu): /iaŋ²¹³/
Note:
  • iûⁿ/iôⁿ/iâuⁿ - vernacular;
  • iông - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: iên5 / ion5 / iang5
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iêⁿ / iôⁿ / iâng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ĩẽ⁵⁵/, /ĩõ⁵⁵/, /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
  • iên5 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Chenghai, Bangkok, Chiang Mai);
  • ion5 - vernacular (Shantou, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Pontianak, Hat Yai);
  • iang5 - literary.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: hhian (T3)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ɦiã²³/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: ian2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iæn¹³/

  • Dialectal data
VarietyLocation
edit
MandarinBeijing/iɑŋ³⁵/
Harbin/iaŋ²⁴/
Tianjin/iɑŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan/iaŋ⁴²/
Qingdao/iaŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou/iaŋ⁴²/
Xi'an/iaŋ²⁴/
Xining/iɔ̃²⁴/
Yinchuan/iɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou/iɑ̃⁵³/
Ürümqi/iɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan/iaŋ²¹³/
Chengdu/iaŋ³¹/
Guiyang/iaŋ²¹/
Kunming/iã̠¹/
Nanjing/iaŋ²⁴/
Hefei/iɑ̃⁵⁵/
JinTaiyuan/iɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao/iɑŋ¹³/
/yə¹³/ ~子
Hohhot/iɑ̃³¹/
WuShanghai/ɦiã²³/
Suzhou/ɦiã¹³/
Hangzhou/ɦiɑŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou/ji³¹/
HuiShexian/ia⁴⁴/
Tunxi/iau⁴⁴/
XiangChangsha/ian¹³/
Xiangtan/ian¹²/
GanNanchang/iɔŋ⁴⁵/
HakkaMeixian/ioŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan/ʒoŋ¹¹/
CantoneseGuangzhou/jœŋ²¹/
Nanning/jœŋ²¹/
Hong Kong/jœŋ²¹/
MinXiamen (Min Nan)/iɔŋ³⁵/
/iũ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong)/yoŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei)/iɔŋ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan)/iõ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan)/iaŋ³¹/
/io³¹/

  • Middle Chinese: /jɨɐŋ/
Rime
Character
Reading #1/1
Initial () (36)
Final () (105)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division ()III
Fanqie與章切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/jiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/iɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jɨaŋ/
Li
Rong
/iaŋ/
Wang
Li
/jĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yáng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
joeng4
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢaŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*laŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yáng
Middle
Chinese
‹ yang ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɢaŋ/
Englishsheep

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading #1/1
No.14535
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*laŋ/

Definitions

  1. caprid, e.g. sheep, goat, antelope (Classifier: m c)
  2. Alternative form of (xiáng, “auspicious”).
  3. Alternative form of (yáng).
  4. a surname
Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (よう) ()
  • Korean: 양(羊) (yang)
  • Vietnamese: dương ()

Others:

  • Wutunhua: yang

See also

  • (Chinese zodiac signs) (shǔ), (niú), (), (), (lóng), (shé), (), (yáng), (hóu), (), (gǒu), (zhū) (Category: zh:Chinese zodiac)

References

  • Entry #2600”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Etymology 2

Orthographic borrowing from translingual ¥. Perhaps influenced by 大洋 (dàyáng).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yáng (yang2)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˊ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng4

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yáng
      • Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: yáng
      • Wade–Giles: yang2
      • Yale: yáng
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yang
      • Palladius: ян (jan)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jɑŋ³⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: joeng4
      • Yale: yèuhng
      • Cantonese Pinyin: joeng4
      • Guangdong Romanization: yêng4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jœːŋ²¹/

Definitions

  1. (slang) Japanese yen
  2. (slang) Chinese yuan

Japanese

Kanji in this term
ひつじ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. sheep

Readings

  • Go-on: よう (, Jōyō); じょう ()
  • Kan-on: よう (, Jōyō); しょう (shō)
  • Kun: ひつじ (hitsuji, , Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
ひつじ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *petunsi. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

There are various theories regarding the ultimate derivation:

  • From the Chinese zodiac (the 8th earthly branches, symbol of sheep), spoken as 日辻 (hitsuji, literally day crossing), in reference to the western sunset at that time.[2]
  • Compound of (hige, beard) + (tsu, genitive particle) + (ushi, cow, ox).[2]
    • Samuel Martin reconstructs hitsuji as Proto-Japonic *pitunsi and derives it as a compound of *pi (unknown, perhaps the same pi found in *pinkay (beard)) + *tu (possibly the genitive particle (tu)) + *-n- (possibly a contraction of the genitive particle (no)) + *-(u)si (related to animals, as in (shishi, meat, obsolete), (shishi, animal (used for meat), obsolete), or possibly (ushi, cow, ox)).[3]
The ushi changes to uji as an instance of rendaku (連濁). However rendaku only applies to the first syllable of a word, so Martin reconstructs ushi as being a compound of *u- (unknown) + *-si (related to animals; see above for examples), and that the *-si suffix can be isolated, with an optional *-n- to nasalize it.[3]
  • Sound shift from 人牛 (hito-ushi, literally person cow).[2]
  • Theories exist for meaning 養獣 (hitasu-shishi, literally cultivated meat) and 養牛 (hitashi-ushi, literally raised cow).[2]
    • In Old Japanese, 日足す (pitasu, modern spelling 養たす (hitasu)) meant to nurture. This was first attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[4]
As ushi is a cow or an ox and hitsuji is a sheep, the sound shift most likely using hitashi-ushi mentioned above can be proposed:[2]
/hitashiushi//hitaushi//hitsuji/

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) つじ [hìtsújí] (Heiban – [0])[5][6][7]
  • IPA(key): [çi̥t͡sɨᵝʑi]
    • Homophone:

Noun

(ひつじ) (hitsuji) 

  1. a sheep (animal)
    • 1999 March 6, “スリーピィ [Sleepie]”, in Starter Box(スターターボックス), Konami:
      しっぽの(なが)ひつじ。しっぽを使(つか)(さい)(みん)(じゅつ)をかけ、(すい)()(さそ)う。
      Shippo no nagai hitsuji. Shippo o tsukai saiminjutsu o kake, suima o sasou.
      A sheep that will mesmerize you to sleep with its long tail.
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒツジ.

Derived terms
  • (ひつじ) (hitsuji)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
よう
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC jɨɐŋ).

Pronunciation

  • On’yomi
    • IPA(key): [jo̞ː]

Affix

(よう) () 

  1. a sheep (animal)

References

  1. ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. ヒツジ/羊/ひつじ - Gogen Yurai Jiten (in Japanese)
  3. Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
  4. ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  5. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  6. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  7. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC jɨɐŋ). Recorded as Middle Korean 야ᇰ (yang) (Yale: yang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource (eumhun 양 양 (yang yang))

  1. Hanja form? of (sheep).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: dương

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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