真珠

真珠

Chinese

		real; true; genuine	pearl; bead
simp. and trad. (真珠)		真	珠

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhēnzhū

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zan¹ zyu¹
• Min Dong (BUC): cĭng-ciŏ
• Min Nan (POJ): chin-chu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnzhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhenjhu
    • Wade–Giles: chên¹-chu¹
    • Yale: jēn-jū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenju
    • Palladius: чжэньчжу (čžɛnʹčžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zan¹ zyu¹
    • Yale: jān jyū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzan¹ dzy¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zen¹ ju¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn⁵⁵ t͡ʃyː⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng-ciŏ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒuo⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin-chu
    • Tâi-lô: tsin-tsu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cinzw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕin³³ t͡su³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiɪn  t͡ɕɨo/

Rime
Character	真	珠
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	側鄰切	章俱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn/	/t͡ɕɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin/	/t͡ɕio/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen/	/t͡ɕio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin/	/cuə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn/	/t͡ɕio/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn/	/t͡ɕĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/	/t͡ɕi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn	zhū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan1	zyu1

Noun

真珠

1. Alternative form of 珍珠 (zhēnzhū, “pearl”).

   • 帝得此鳥，畜於靈禽之園，飴以真珠，飲以龜腦。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     帝得此鸟，畜于灵禽之园，饴以真珠，饮以龟脑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 4th century, 王嘉 (Wang Jia), 拾遺記

     Dì dé cǐ niǎo, xù yú língqín zhī yuán, sì yǐ zhēnzhū, yìn yǐ guīnǎo. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

   • 真珠入厥陰肝經，故能安魂定魄，明目治聾。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     真珠入厥阴肝经，故能安魂定魄，明目治聋。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Compendium of Materia Medica [Bencao Gangmu], by Li Shizhen, 1578 CE

     Zhēnzhū rù juéyīn gānjīng, gù néng ān hún dìng pò, míngmù zhì lóng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

2. (literary) pearl-beaded curtain

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
真	珠
しん Grade: 3	しゅ > じゅ Grade: S
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
眞珠 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
• (Tokyo) しんじゅ [shìńjú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ɕĩn(d͡)ʑɨᵝ]

Noun

真(しん)珠(じゅ) • (shinju) 

1. pearl

Synonyms

• パール (pāru)

Derived terms

• 真珠色(しんじゅいろ) (shinjuiro, “pearly”)
• 真珠貝(しんじゅがい) (shinjugai, “pearl oyster”)
• 真珠岩(しんじゅがん) (shinjugan, “perlite”)
• 真珠雲(しんじゅぐも) (shinjugumo, “nacreous cloud”)
• 真珠光(しんじゅこう) (shinjukō)
• 真珠光沢(しんじゅこうたく) (shinjukōtaku)
• 真珠婚式(しんじゅこんしき) (shinjukonshiki, “pearl wedding”)
• 真珠細(しんじゅざい)工(く) (shinjuzaiku)
• 真珠質(しんじゅしつ) (shinjushitsu)
• 真珠腫(しんじゅしゅ) (shinjushu)
• 真珠層(しんじゅそう) (shinjusō, “nacre”)
• 真珠(しんじゅ)取(と)り (shinjutori)
• 真珠(しんじゅ)母(ぼ) (shinjubo)
• 真珠養(しんじゅよう)殖(しょく) (shinjuyōshoku)
• 真珠養(しんじゅよう)殖場(しょくじょう) (shinjuyōshokujō)
• 真珠湾(しんじゅわん) (Shinjuwan, “Pearl Harbor”)
• 真円真珠(しんえんしんじゅ) (shin'enshinju)
• 人工真珠(じんこうしんじゅ) (jinkōshinju)
• 人造真珠(じんぞうしんじゅ) (jinzōshinju)
• 淡水真珠(たんすいしんじゅ) (tansuishinju, “freshwater pearl”)
• 豚(ぶた)に真珠(しんじゅ) (buta ni shinju, “pearls before swine”)
• 養殖(ようしょく)真珠(しんじゅ) (yōshokushinju, “cultured pearl”)

 

Proper noun

真(しん)珠(じゅ) • (Shinju) 

1. a female given name

真(しん)珠(じゅ) • (Shinju) 

1. a surname

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.