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单词 異
释义

異

See also: 异, 畀, and 暴
異 U+7570, 異
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7570
← 畯
[U+756F]		CJK Unified Ideographs畱 →
[U+7571]
異 U+F962, 異
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F962
← 率
[U+F961]		CJK Compatibility Ideographs北 →
[U+F963]

異 U+2F938, 異
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F938
← 𤲒
[U+2F937]		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement𢆟 →
[U+2F939]

Translingual

Han character

異 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田廿金 (WTC), four-corner 60801, composition ⿱田共)

  1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №65

Derived characters

  • 𭊈, 𡠲, 潩, 𣄗, 𣚣, 熼, 𥛴, 禩, 穓, 𧝀, 𦒖, 𦔜, 𧑌, 𬢄, 趩, 𨅜, 𤳧, 𩞫, 龭(𩨎), 𩴜, 𬵫
  • 𭅂, 𬏖, 𬏘, 𤴏, 𤲲, 𰣎, 𪒕, 兾, 𡐢, 䔬, 𫣭, 冀, 冀, 糞, 翼, 𤳓, 𨾂, 霬, 𩙺
  • 𠪙, 廙, 𤺆, 廙, 𧇽, 𢎑, 𢨇, 戴, 戴, 𢨚, 𢨞, 㔴, 𭍭
  • 𢹢, 𪻌, 𥣢, 𩦸
  • 异 (Simplified Chinese)

References

  • KangXi: page 763, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21866
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1173, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2540, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+7570
  • Unihan data for U+F962
  • Unihan data for U+2F938

Chinese

trad.異
simp.异*
alternative forms𠔱
𢄖

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 異
ShangWestern ZhouShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone scriptBronze inscriptionsSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (異) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
禩*ljɯʔ
異*lɯɡs
潩*lɯɡs, *lɯɡ
廙*lɯɡs, *lɯɡ
趩*l̥ʰɯɡ
瀷*l̥ʰjɯɡ, *lɯɡ
翼*lɯɡ
熼*lɯɡ

Ideogram (指事) – a man with a mask (田) over his face. Possible interpretations:

  • Strange, bizarre — "uncommon".
  • Different face — "different".

Compare 鬼 (“demon”), where the 田 also derives from a face.

Alternatively, may be a pictogram (象形) of a person carrying something on their head, the original form of 戴 (“to carry on the head”).

Modern form is graphically 田 + 共, though this is not the etymology.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): yì (yi4)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
    (Chengdu, SP): yi4
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ji6
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yi4
  • Min Dong (BUC): ê
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): ī / īⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): i6
  • Wu (Wiktionary): hhi (T3)
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yì
      • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: yì
      • Wade–Giles: i4
      • Yale: yì
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
      • Palladius: и (i)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: yi4
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: i
      • Sinological IPA (key): /i²¹³/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ji6
      • Yale: yih
      • Cantonese Pinyin: ji6
      • Guangdong Romanization: yi6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jiː²²/
  • Hakka
    • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
      • Hakka Romanization System: i
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yi4
      • Sinological IPA: /i⁵⁵/
    • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
      • Hakka Romanization System: (r)i
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yi4
      • Sinological IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: yi4
      • Sinological IPA: /i⁵³/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: ê
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ɛi²⁴²/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
      • Tâi-lô: ī
      • Phofsit Daibuun: i
      • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /i³³/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁴¹/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /i²²/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: īⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: īnn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: vi
      • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ĩ³³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ĩ²²/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: i6
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ĭ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /i³⁵/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: hhi (T3)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ɦi²³/
  • Middle Chinese: /jɨH/
Rime
Character異
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)以 (36)
Final (韻)之 (19)
Tone (調)Departing (H)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie羊吏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/jɨH/
Pan
Wuyun		/jɨH/
Shao
Rongfen		/ieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/jɨH/
Li
Rong		/iəH/
Wang
Li		/jĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren		/iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		yì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		ji6
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢ(r)ək-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lɯɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character異
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		yì
Middle
Chinese		‹ yiH ›
Old
Chinese		/*ɢ(r)ək-s/
Englishdifferent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character異
Reading #1/1
No.15102
Phonetic
component		異
Rime
group		代
Rime
subdivision		0
Corresponding
MC rime		異
Old
Chinese		/*lɯɡs/
Notes金文異象雙手護住頭所頂物爲戴翼初文

Definitions

異

  1. different; other
  2. uncommon; unusual; special; strange; surprising
  3. to distinguish; to separate
  4. (chemistry) iso- (forms terms relating to isomers)
  5. (Hakka) quite; very
    異好／异好 [Meixian Hakka]  ―  yi4 hau3 [Hakka Transliteration Scheme]  ―  very good

Synonyms

  • (different): 殊 (shū), 差 (chā)
  • (unusual): 奇 (qí), 怪 (guài)
  • (very):
Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Classical Chinese甚, 孔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)很, 非常, 十分
MandarinBeijing挺, 很, 倍兒, 怪
Taiwan很, 好, 非常, 超, 蠻, 超級
Tianjin挺, 很, 傻, 老, 倍兒, 齁兒
Jinan挺, 楞
Xi'an很
Wuhan蠻, 很
Chengdu很, 好
Chongqing很
Yangzhou蠻, 稀, 很
Hefei很
Malaysia很
Singapore很, 蠻, 非常
CantoneseGuangzhou好, 非常之
Hong Kong好, 非常, 非常之, 超, 勁, 十分之
Zhongshan (Shiqi)好
Taishan好, 十分之
Yangjiang好
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)好
Singapore (Guangfu)好, 非常之, 非常
GanNanchang蠻
HakkaMeixian好, 刮, 已, 還, 異, 還 exclamation
Huidong (Daling)好
Wuhua (Meilin)好
Shaoguan (Qujiang)頂
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)好
Changting野
Wuping (Pingyu)已, 刮
Liancheng樣
Ninghua好
Ruijin蠻
Shicheng蠻
Shangyou (Shexi)蠻
Miaoli (N. Sixian)當, 已, 還
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)蓋, 盡, 還
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)當, 盡, 已, 還
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)當, 已, 還
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)當, 已, 還
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)足, 真, 實在
Hong Kong好
Sabah (Bao'an)好
Kuching (Hepo)很
Singapore (Dabu)好
JinTaiyuan很, 挺
Min BeiJian'ou盡
Min DongFuzhou野, 真
Singapore (Fuqing)真
Manjung (Gutian)真
Min NanXiamen真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 非常, 真正
Xiamen (Tong'an)真
Quanzhou真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人
Jinjiang野
Zhangzhou盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死, 死了了, 死人
Zhao'an很, 真, 死絕, 好, 非常
Dongshan真, 非常
Taipei真, 誠
New Taipei (Sanxia)真, 誠
Kaohsiung有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
Yilan有夠, 足, 誠, 盡
Changhua (Lukang)真, 誠
Taichung誠, 蓋, 足
Tainan有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
Hsinchu真, 誠
Kinmen足, 誠
Penghu (Magong)真, 誠
Penang (Hokkien)真, 誠, 真正
Singapore (Hokkien)真, 死爸, 真正, 誠, 足, 有夠
Manila (Hokkien)野, 真, 萬代, 真正
Chaozhou過, 好, 非常, 死爸
Shantou過, 鐵, 好, 很, 死爸, 死絕
Shantou (Chenghai)好, 死絕
Shantou (Chaoyang)好, 非常
Jieyang過, 好, 死爸, 死絕
Bangkok (Teochew)好
Johor Bahru (Teochew)好
Singapore (Teochew)真, 死爸, 非常
Wenchang極, 但顧, 真
Haikou但顧
Qionghai但顧, 真
Singapore (Hainanese)但顧, 真
WuShanghai蠻, 老, 邪氣, 老老, 瞎, 絕, 十分, 十二萬分, 非常, 非常之, 畢, 畢畢, 來得, 來得個, 煞, 交關, 十二分 rare, 窮 dated, 野 dated, 邪 dated
Suzhou蠻
Ningbo交關, 蠻, 堪, 𠊉好, 𠊉派, 甮派, 出格, 木牢牢 rare, 猛 rare
Zhoushan交關, 蠻, 猛, 堪, 出格, 木牢牢 rare
Wenzhou蠻, 蒙, 顯
XiangChangsha很, 蠻
Shuangfeng蠻

Antonyms

  • 同 (tóng, “same”)

Compounds

Derived terms from 異

Japanese

Shinjitai異
Kyūjitai
[1]
異󠄂
異+&#xE0102;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

異

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. different, other, hetero-
  2. uncommon, special
  3. curious, odd

Readings

  • Go-on: い (i, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)
  • Kun: こと (koto, 異, Jōyō); ことなる (kotonaru, 異なる); あやしい (ayashii, 異しい); あやしむ (ayashimu, 異しむ)
  • Nanori: こと (koto); より (yori)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
異
い
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 異 (MC jɨH). Compare modern Mandarin 異／异 (yì, /i⁵¹/), Cantonese 異 (ji6, /jiː²²/).

Pronunciation

  • On’yomi
    • (Tokyo) い​ [íꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
    • IPA(key): [i]

Noun

異(い) • (i) 

  1. (literary) difference
  2. (Buddhism) change or disease, one of the four states or avasthā

Adjective

異(い) • (i) -na (adnominal 異(い)な (i na), adverbial 異(い)に (i ni))

  1. (literary) strange; unusual
Inflection
Inflection of 異
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)異だろいだろi daro
Continuative (連用形)異でいでi de
Terminal (終止形)異だいだi da
Attributive (連体形)異ないなi na
Hypothetical (仮定形)異ならいならi nara
Imperative (命令形)異であれいであれi de are
Key constructions
Informal negative異ではない
異じゃない		いではない
いじゃない		i de wa nai
i ja nai
Informal past異だったいだったi datta
Informal negative past異ではなかった
異じゃなかった		いではなかった
いじゃなかった		i de wa nakatta
i ja nakatta
Formal異ですいですi desu
Formal negative異ではありません
異じゃありません		いではありません
いじゃありません		i de wa arimasen
i ja arimasen
Formal past異でしたいでしたi deshita
Formal negative past異ではありませんでした
異じゃありませんでした		いではありませんでした
いじゃありませんでした		i de wa arimasen deshita
i ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive異でいでi de
Conditional異なら（ば）いなら（ば）i nara (ba)
Provisional異だったらいだったらi dattara
Volitional異だろういだろうi darō
Adverbial異にいにi ni
Degree異さいさisa

Affix

異(い) • (i) 

  1. different
  2. strange; unusual; extraordinary; excellent
  3. aberrant
  4. other; another
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 異(い)義(ぎ) (igi)
  • 異(い)議(ぎ) (igi)
  • 異(い)教(きょう) (ikyō)
  • 異(い)郷(きょう) (ikyō)
  • 異(い)境(きょう) (ikyō)
  • 異(い)才(さい) (isai)
  • 異(い)彩(さい) (isai)
  • 異(い)種(しゅ) (ishu)
  • 異(い)趣(しゅ) (ishu)
  • 異(い)状(じょう) (ijō)
  • 異(い)常(じょう) (ijō)
  • 異(い)色(しょく) (ishoku)
  • 異(い)人(じん) (ijin): foreigner, stranger
  • 異(い)国(こく)人(じん) (ikokujin): foreigner, stranger
  • 異(い)相(そう) (isō)
  • 異(い)俗(ぞく) (izoku)
  • 異(い)存(ぞん) (izon)
  • 異(い)端(たん) (itan)
  • 異(い)途(と) (ito)
  • 異(い)同(どう) (idō)
  • 異(い)動(どう) (idō)
  • 異(い)物(ぶつ) (ibutsu)
  • 異(い)母(ぼ) (ibo)
  • 異(い)邦(ほう) (ihō): foreign country
  • 異(い)邦(ほう)人(じん) (ihōjin): foreigner, stranger
  • 異(い)様(よう) (iyō)
  • 異(い)例(れい) (irei)
  • 変(へん)異(い) (hen'i)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
異
こと
Grade: 6
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
殊

Pronunciation

  • Kun’yomi
    • IPA(key): [ko̞to̞]

Noun

異(こと) • (koto) 

  1. difference; (prefixed to nouns) different; other

References

  1. “異”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

異 (eumhun 다를 이 (dareul i))

  1. Hanja form? of 이 (“different; unusual”).
Compounds
Compounds
  • 이단 (異端, idan)
  • 이교 (異敎, igyo)
  • 이상 (異常, isang)
  • 이성 (異性, iseong)
  • 기이 (奇異, gii)
  • 차이 (差異, chai)
  • 이체자 (異體字, icheja)

Hanja

異 (eum 리 (ri))

  1. Only used in certain placenames.
Usage notes

The reading 리 (ri) in certain placenames such as 지리산 (智異山, Jirisan) is caused by 활음조 현상 (滑音調 現像, hwareumjo hyeonsang, “euphony”) which altered the original sound from 이 (i) to 리 (ri).[1] This concept (ease of pronunciation) is closely related to the initial sound law 두음 법칙 (頭音法則, dueum beopchik) in South Korea.

Compounds
  • 지리산 (智異山, Jirisan)

References

  1. 7 April 2019, 한글 맞춤법 6장 1절 52항: 동일한 한자어가 어떤 경우에는 본음으로 나고 어떤 경우에는 속음으로 날 때, 속음으로 나는 것은 속음으로 적는다. ‘異’의 본음은 ‘이’이나 ‘智異山’에서 속음인 '리'로 소리가 나므로 ‘지리산’으로 적는다.

Vietnamese

Han character

異: Hán Việt readings: dị (以(dĩ)智(trí)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4], di[4]
異: Nôm readings: dị[1][2][3][5]

  1. chữ Hán form of dị (“dissimilar; bizarre; unusual”).

Compounds

  • 異端 (dị đoan)

References

  1. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  2. Trần (2004).
  3. Bonet (1899).
  4. Génibrel (1898).
  5. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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