玻璃
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (玻璃) | 玻 | 璃 | |
| variant forms | 玻玏 second round simplified | ||
Etymology
Borrowed from Pali phalika (“crystal”), from Sanskrit स्फटिक (sphaṭika). Cognate with Thai ผลึก (pà-lʉ̀k, “crystal”), Lao ຜະລຶກ (pha lưk), ຜະລິກະ (pha li ka), Khmer ផលិក (phɑlɨk).
- gay person
 | This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. |
Pronunciation
Noun
玻璃
- glass (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m)
- generic term for any film material with glass-like transparency, such as cellophane, nylon, plastic, etc. (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m)
- (Wuhan, humorous) eyeglasses; spectacles
- (Sichuan, humorous) plain boiled water
- (slang) gay person; male homosexual
Synonyms
- (glass): 琉璃 (liúlí)
| Dialectal synonyms of 眼鏡 (“eyeglasses”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
| Classical Chinese | 靉靆, 眼鏡 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 眼鏡 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 眼鏡兒 |
| Taiwan | 眼鏡 | |
| Tianjin | 眼鏡兒 | |
| Harbin | 眼鏡兒, 鏡子 | |
| Jinan | 眼鏡子, 鏡子 | |
| Muping | 眼鏡 | |
| Luoyang | 眼鏡兒, 二餅兒 derogatory | |
| Jiedian | 眼鏡, 鏡子 dated, 二柄子 derogatory | |
| Xi'an | 眼鏡 | |
| Zhengzhou | 眼鏡 | |
| Xining | 眼鏡兒, 眼鏡兒子 | |
| Xuzhou | 二餅 humorous | |
| Yinchuan | 眼鏡 | |
| Lanzhou | 眼鏡子, 鏡子, 二軲轆 humorous | |
| Ürümqi | 眼鏡子, 鏡子 | |
| Wuhan | 眼鏡, 鏡子 dated, 玻璃 humorous | |
| Huanggang | 眼鏡兒 | |
| Chengdu | 眼鏡兒, 眼鏡 | |
| Guiyang | 眼鏡 | |
| Guilin | 眼鏡 | |
| Liuzhou | 眼鏡 | |
| Yangzhou | 眼鏡子 | |
| Nanjing | 眼鏡, 二餅 humorous | |
| Malaysia | 眼鏡 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 眼鏡子 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 眼鏡 |
| Hong Kong | 眼鏡 | |
| Foshan | 眼鏡 | |
| Shunde | 眼鏡 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 眼鏡 | |
| Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) | 眼鏡 | |
| Taishan | 眼鏡 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 眼鏡 | |
| Dongguan | 眼鏡, 二文錢 dated | |
| Shaoguan | 眼鏡 | |
| Yunfu | 眼鏡 | |
| Xinyi | 眼鏡 | |
| Lianjiang | 眼鏡 | |
| Nanning | 眼鏡 | |
| Wuzhou | 眼鏡 | |
| Yulin | 眼鏡 | |
| Hepu | 眼鏡 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 眼鏡子 |
| Lichuan | 眼鏡 | |
| Pingxiang | 眼鏡 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 目鏡, 眼鏡 |
| Luchuan | 眼鏡 | |
| Yudu | 眼鏡 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 目鏡, 眼枷仔 dated, 眼枷 dated | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 目鏡, 眼鏡, 眼枷仔, 眼枷 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 目鏡 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 目鏡 | |
| Hsinchu (Raoping) | 目鏡 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 目鏡 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 眼鏡 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 眼鏡 |
| Xinzhou | 眼鏡, 二餅子 derogatory | |
| Hohhot | 眼鏡兒 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 眼鏡 |
| Songxi | 眼鏡 | |
| Jianyang | 眼鏡 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 眼鏡 |
| Fuqing | 眼鏡 | |
| Gutian | 眼鏡 | |
| Ningde | 眼鏡 | |
| Zhouning | 眼鏡 | |
| Fuding | 眼鏡 | |
| Matsu | 眼鏡 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 目鏡 |
| Quanzhou | 目鏡 | |
| Zhangzhou | 目鏡 | |
| Taipei | 目鏡 | |
| Kaohsiung | 目鏡 | |
| Tainan | 目鏡 | |
| Taichung | 目鏡 | |
| Wuqi | 目鏡 | |
| Hsinchu | 目鏡 | |
| Taitung | 目鏡 | |
| Lukang | 目鏡 | |
| Yilan | 目鏡 | |
| Magong | 目鏡 | |
| Penang | 目鏡 | |
| Singapore | 目鏡 | |
| Philippines (Manila) | 目鏡 | |
| Pingnan | 眼鏡 | |
| Chaozhou | 目鏡 | |
| Shantou | 目鏡 | |
| Haifeng | 目鏡 | |
| Wenchang | 目鏡 | |
| Haikou | 目鏡 | |
| Leizhou | 目鏡 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 目鏡 |
| Xianyou | 目鏡 | |
| Pinghua | Nanning | 眼鏡, 眼枷 |
| Guilin | 眼鏡子 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 眼鏡, 托力克 |
| Suzhou | 眼鏡 | |
| Hangzhou | 眼鏡兒 | |
| Wenzhou | 眼鏡, 眼視鏡 | |
| Chongming | 眼鏡 | |
| Danyang | 眼鏡子 | |
| Jinhua | 眼鏡 | |
| Ningbo | 蔡眼 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 眼鏡 |
| Loudi | 眼鏡 | |
| Quanzhou | 眼鏡 | |
Derived terms
Derived terms from 玻璃
|
|
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (玻璃):
- → Japanese: 玻璃 (hari)
- → Korean: 파리 (玻璃, pari)
- → Vietnamese: pha li (玻璃)
Others:
- → Vietnamese: pha lê
References
- Duffus, William (1883), “glass”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 123
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 玻 | 璃 |
| は Hyōgaiji | り Grade: S |
| on’yomi | |
Pronunciation
- On’yomi
- (Tokyo) はり [háꜜrì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA(key): [ha̠ɾʲi]
Noun
玻璃 (hiragana はり, rōmaji hari)
- glass, crystal
Synonyms
- (more common) 硝子 (garasu): glass
- クリスタル (kurisutaru) (kurisutaru): crystal
Derived terms
- 玻璃器 (hariki)
- 玻璃鏡 (harikyō)
- 玻璃質 (harishitsu)
- 玻璃長石 (harichōseki)
- 玻璃版 (hariban)
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN