捍

捍

See also: 扞

捍 U+634D, 捍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-634D ← 捌 [U+634C] CJK Unified Ideographs 捎 → [U+634E]

Translingual

Han character

捍 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手日一十 (QAMJ), four-corner 5604₁, composition ⿰扌旱)

References

• KangXi: page 433, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12143
• Dae Jaweon: page 783, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1881, character 5
• Unihan data for U+634D

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		捍
2nd round simp.		扞
alternative forms		扞 㪋 攼 ancient

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
訐	*krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝	*kaːn
竿	*kaːn
干	*kaːn
奸	*kaːn
玕	*kaːn
汗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀	*kaːn
忓	*kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱	*kaːn
邗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆	*kaːnʔ
矸	*kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠	*kaːnʔ
皯	*kaːnʔ
衦	*kaːnʔ
簳	*kaːnʔ
擀	*kaːnʔ
旰	*kaːns
盰	*kaːns
幹	*kaːns
杆	*kaːns
骭	*kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿	*kaːnʔ
趕	*kaːnʔ
稈	*kaːnʔ
刊	*kʰaːn
靬	*kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎	*kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn
頇	*ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸	*ŋɡaːns
鼾	*qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕	*qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊	*qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊	*qʰaːnʔ
虷	*ɡaːn
旱	*ɡaːnʔ
皔	*ɡaːnʔ
釬	*ɡaːns
扞	*ɡaːns
閈	*ɡaːns
馯	*ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍	*ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍	*ɡaːns
銲	*ɡaːns
垾	*ɡaːns
駻	*ɡaːns
睅	*ɡʷranʔ
娨	*ɡraːns
飦	*kan
赶	*ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒	*qʰan
蓒	*qʰan
酐	*qʰaːŋʔ
澣	*ɡʷaːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 旱 (OC *ɡaːnʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hàn (han⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hon⁶, hon², hon⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hon
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): hān / hōaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hang² / huan⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hàn
    • Wade–Giles: han⁴
    • Yale: hàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hann
    • Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hon⁶, hon², hon⁵
    • Yale: hohn, hón, hóhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hon⁶, hon², hon⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: hon⁶, hon², hon⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːn²²/, /hɔːn³⁵/, /hɔːn¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hon
    • Hakka Romanization System: hon
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hon⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /hon⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hān
    • Tâi-lô: hān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: han
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /han²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /han⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /han³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: huānn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hvoa
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore): /huã²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huã³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /huã⁴¹/

Note:

• hān - literary;
• hōaⁿ - vernacular;
• hán - unknown dialect.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hang² / huan⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: háng / huāⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ⁵²/, /hũã¹¹/

Note:

• hang2 - literary;
• huan7 - vernacular.

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦˠan^X/, /ɦɑn^H/

Rime
Character	捍	捍
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	刪 (69)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	下赧切	侯旰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠanX/	/ɦɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚanX/	/ɦɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɐnX/	/ɣɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨnX/	/ɦanH/
Li Rong	/ɣanX/	/ɣɑnH/
Wang Li	/ɣanX/	/ɣɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣanX/	/ɣɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn	hàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haan6	hon6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-kˤa[r]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːns/, /*ɡraːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	捍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hanH ›
Old Chinese	/*m-kˁa[r]-s/
English	ward off; protect, guard
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	捍	捍
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3625	3634
Phonetic component	干	干
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	翰	僩
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːns/	/*ɡraːnʔ/

Definitions

捍

1. to defend; to guard; to protect
2. ^† to resist
3. ^† firm; solid
4. ^† leather oversleeve
5. ^† Alternative form of 悍 (hàn).
6. (Hokkien, Teochew) to hold; to grasp

Compounds

捍債／捍债 捍禦／捍御 (hànyù)

捍衛／捍卫 (hànwèi) 捍難之功／捍难之功

蹌捍／跄捍

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Japanese

Kanji

捍

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: がん (gan)
• Kan-on: かん (kan)
• Kun: ふせぐ (fusegu, 捍ぐ)
• Nanori: まもる (mamoru)

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Korean

Hanja

捍 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

捍: Hán Nôm readings: cản, hãn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.