懇

懇

See also: 恳

懇 U+61C7, 懇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C7 ← 懆 [U+61C6] CJK Unified Ideographs 懈 → [U+61C8]

Translingual

Han character

懇 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月女心 (BVP), four-corner 2733₃, composition ⿱貇心)

Derived characters

• 𡄩, 𧄅

Related characters

• 恳 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• KangXi: page 405, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11326
• Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2358, character 12
• Unihan data for U+61C7

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Chinese

trad.		懇
simp.		恳

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
艱	*krɯːn
齦	*kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn
眼	*ŋrɯːnʔ
蛝	*ɡrɯːn
限	*ɡrɯːnʔ
硍	*ɡrɯːnʔ
豤	*kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn
詪	*ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns
根	*kɯːn
跟	*kɯːn
珢	*kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn
艮	*kɯːns
茛	*kɯːns
墾	*kʰɯːnʔ
懇	*kʰɯːnʔ
垠	*ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn
泿	*ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn
痕	*ɡɯːn
拫	*ɡɯːn
鞎	*ɡɯːn
很	*ɡɯːnʔ
恨	*ɡɯːns
銀	*ŋrɯn
檭	*ŋrɯn

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kěn (ken³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): han²
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): kên³
• Min Nan (POJ): khún

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kěn
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kěn
    • Wade–Giles: kʻên³
    • Yale: kěn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keen
    • Palladius: кэнь (kɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰən²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: han²
    • Yale: hán
    • Cantonese Pinyin: han²
    • Guangdong Romanization: hen²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐn³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kên³
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰɛn³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khún
    • Tâi-lô: khún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quon
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰun⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰun⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰun⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰun⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰun⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /kʰən^X/

Rime
Character	懇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	痕 (53)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	康很切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰənX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰənX/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰənX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰənX/
Li Rong	/kʰənX/
Wang Li	/kʰənX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰənX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kěn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	han2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懇
Reading #	1/1
No.	3931
Phonetic component	艮
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	墾
Old Chinese	/*kʰɯːnʔ/
Notes	見通俗文

Definitions

懇

1. sincere; earnest; cordial
2. to beg; to request

Compounds

乞懇／乞恳 勤懇／勤恳 (qínkěn) 哀懇／哀恳 奉懇／奉恳 婚姻懇談／婚姻恳谈 情詞懇切／情词恳切 懇切／恳切 (kěnqiè) 懇到／恳到 懇悃／恳悃 懇懇／恳恳

懇摯／恳挚 (kěnzhì) 懇求／恳求 (kěnqiú) 懇至／恳至 懇親／恳亲 懇親會／恳亲会 懇言／恳言 懇託／恳托 懇談／恳谈 (kěntán) 懇請／恳请 (kěnqǐng)

懇辭／恳辞 懇願／恳愿 (kěnyuàn) 拜懇／拜恳 敬懇者／敬恳者 精懇／精恳 累懇／累恳 茲懇者／兹恳者 誠懇／诚恳 (chéngkěn) 諄懇／谆恳

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Japanese

Kanji

懇

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. earnest, sincere

Readings

• Go-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
• Kun: ねんごろ (nengoro, 懇ろ, Jōyō)^{←ねんごろ (nengoro, historical)←ねもころ (nemokoro, ancient)}

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Korean

Hanja

懇 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

懇: Hán Nôm readings: khấn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.