憾

憾

憾 U+61BE, 憾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61BE ← 憽 [U+61BD] CJK Unified Ideographs 憿 → [U+61BF]

Translingual

Han character

憾 (radical 61, 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 心戈口心 (PIRP), four-corner 9303₅, composition ⿰忄感)

References

• KangXi: page 405, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11312
• Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2360, character 12
• Unihan data for U+61BE

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		憾
variant forms		⿰忄⿱干心 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (咸) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
感	*kɯːmʔ
鱤	*kɯːmʔ
顑	*kʰɯːmʔ, *ŋɡrɯːms
轗	*kʰɯːmʔ, *kʰɯːms
撼	*ɡɯːmʔ
憾	*ɡɯːms
喊	*qʰaːmʔ, *qʰrɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
緘	*krɯːm
瑊	*krɯːm, *kjum
黬	*krɯːm, *ŋɡrɯːm
減	*krɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
羬	*ŋɡrɯːm, *ɡram
麙	*ŋɡrɯːm
咸	*ɡrɯːm
鹹	*ɡrɯːm
醎	*ɡrɯːm
諴	*ɡrɯːm
椷	*ɡrɯːm
輱	*ɡrɯːm
鍼	*ɡam, *ɡram, *kjɯm
箴	*kjɯm
葴	*kjɯm
鱵	*kjum

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hàn (han⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ham⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): hām

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: hàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: han⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hann
    • IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ham⁶
    • Yale: hahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ham⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hem⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /hɐm²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hām
    • Tâi-lô: hām
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ham
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ham²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ham⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ham²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ham³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ham³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦʌm^H/▼

Rime
Character	憾
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡紺切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʌmH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦəmH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɒmH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəmH/
Li Rong	/ɣᴀmH/
Wang Li	/ɣɒmH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣămH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hàn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-kˤ[ə]mʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯːms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	憾
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hàn
Middle Chinese	‹ homH ›
Old Chinese	/*N-kˁ[ə]mʔ-s/
English	dissatisfied
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憾
Reading #	1/1
No.	13504
Phonetic component	咸
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	憾
Old Chinese	/*ɡɯːms/

Definitions

憾

1. regret
2. (literary) resentment

Compounds

宿憾 憾事 (hànshì) 憾恨 抱憾

抱憾終生／抱憾终生 欿憾 無憾／无憾 終身遺憾／终身遗憾

缺憾 遺憾／遗憾 (yíhàn) 遺珠之憾／遗珠之憾 釋憾／释憾 (shìhàn)

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Japanese

Kanji

憾

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. remorse

Readings

• Go-on: ごん (gon)
• Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
• Kun: うらむ (uramu, 憾む)

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Korean

Hanja

憾 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

憾 (hám, hóm, gớm)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.