夢

See also: 萝 and 梦

夢	U+5922, 夢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5922

← 夡
[U+5921]

CJK Unified Ideographs

夣 →
[U+5923]

夢	U+2F85E, 夢 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F85E

← 多
[U+2F85D]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

奢 →
[U+2F85F]

Translingual

Japanese	夢
Simplified	梦
Traditional	夢

Alternative forms

Note that in Taiwan and Hong Kong, the character is written with 卝 on top instead of 艹, as found in the Kangxi dictionary. Traditionally, the character is listed under the radical 夕 (sunset). However, in simplified Chinese and Japanese dictionaries, the character may be listed under the radical 艹 (grass) as the 卝 (crown/hairstyle) component has been simplified to 艹.

Han character

夢 (Kangxi radical 36, 夕+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿田中弓 (TWLN), four-corner 4420₇, composition ⿳𦭝冖夕(GJKV) or ⿱⿳卝罒冖夕(HT))

References

KangXi: page 247, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5801
Dae Jaweon: page 492, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 864, character 19
Unihan data for U+5922
Unihan data for U+2F85E

Chinese

trad.		夢
simp.		梦
alternative forms		夣瞢㝱𡬌

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 夢
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script

Characters in the same phonetic series (夢) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蘉	*maːŋ
瞢	mɯːŋ, mɯŋ, *mɯŋs
懜	mɯːŋs, mɯːŋ, *mɯŋ
懵	mɯːŋs, mɯːŋʔ
甍	*mrɯːŋ
薨	*hmɯːŋ
夢	mɯŋ, mɯŋs
鄸	*mɯŋs

In the Oracle bone script, a pictogram (象形) or ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) – a person (人) lying on a bed (爿), sometimes with restless hands (compare the oracle-bone character for 丮) and sometimes with the eye (目) emphasized.

In the Bronze inscriptions, the eye (目) has eyebrows above it (compare 眉), and the person's body is attached underneath, now written as two dots on either side. The bed is no longer present, and instead 夕 (“moon; night”) has been added.

In the modern form 夢, the eyebrows are written 卝, the eyes are written 罒, and the person's body has become 冖, while 夕 remains on the bottom.

According to Shuowen, it is a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs) : phonetic 瞢 (OC *mɯːŋ, *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs) + semantic 夕.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(s/r)-ma(ŋ/k) (“dream”); compare Tibetan རྨང་ལམ (rmang lam, “dream”), Chepang माङः (“dream”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *s-makᴴ ~ *s-maŋ¹ (“dream”), Mizo mang (“dream”), Japhug tɯ-jmŋo (“dream”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mèng (meng⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˋ
(Chengdu, SP): mong⁴
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мын (mɨn, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): mung⁶
(Taishan, Wiktionary): muung⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): mung⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mung
(Meixian, Guangdong): mung⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): meng³
Min Bei (KCR): mōng
Min Dong (BUC): máe̤ng / móng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): bāng / bōng
(Teochew, Peng'im): mang⁷
Wu (Wiktionary): maan (T3); mon (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): mong⁵ / mong⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mèng
  - Wade–Giles: mêng⁴
  - Yale: mèng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: menq
  - Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: mong⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /moŋ²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мын (mɨn, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /məŋ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: mung⁶
  - Yale: muhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mung⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mung⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mʊŋ²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: muung⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐbɵŋ³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: mung⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /muŋ¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mung
  - Hakka Romanization System: mung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /muŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: mung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /mʊŋ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: meng³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /mə̃ŋ⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔŋ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: máe̤ng / móng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔyŋ²¹³/, /mouŋ²¹³/

Note:

máe̤ng - vernacular;
móng - literary.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bāng / bōng
  - Tâi-lô: bāng / bōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bang, bong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /baŋ²²/, /bɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /baŋ⁴¹/, /bɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /baŋ²²/, /bɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /baŋ³³/, /bɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /baŋ³³/, /bɔŋ³³/

Note:

bāng - vernacular;
bōng - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mang⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: māng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ¹¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: maan (T3); mon (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑ̃²³/, /mʊŋ²³/

Note:

3maan - vernacular;
3mon - literary.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: mong⁵ / mong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /mʊŋ²¹/, /mʊŋ⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /mən²¹/, /mən⁴⁵/

Note:

mong5 - vernacular;
mong4 - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 夢
Mandarin	Beijing	/məŋ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/məŋ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/məŋ⁵³/
	Jinan	/məŋ²¹/
	Qingdao	/fəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/məŋ³¹²/
	Xi'an	/məŋ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/mə̃²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/məŋ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/mə̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/mɤŋ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/moŋ³⁵/
	Chengdu	/moŋ¹³/
	Guiyang	/moŋ²¹³/
	Kunming	/moŋ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/mən⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/məŋ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/məŋ⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/məŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/mə̃ŋ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/mɑ̃²³/ /moŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/moŋ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/moŋ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/moŋ²²/
Hui	Shexian	/mʌ̃²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/man¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/moŋ⁵⁵/ /moŋ¹¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/mən²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/muŋ²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/mu⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/muŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/moŋ²²/
	Nanning	/muŋ²²/
	Hong Kong	/muŋ²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/bɔŋ²²/ /baŋ²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/mɔyŋ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/mɔŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/maŋ³¹/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/moŋ³⁵/ /maŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: /mɨuŋ^H/

Rime
Character	夢
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	莫鳳切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨuŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/miuŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/miuŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muwŋ^H/
Li Rong	/miuŋ^H/
Wang Li	/mĭuŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯uŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mung⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.məŋ-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*mɯŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	夢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mèng
Middle Chinese	‹ mjuwng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*C.məŋ-s/
English	dream
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	夢
Reading #	2/2
No.	8998
Phonetic component	夢
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*mɯŋs/

Definitions

夢

dream (Classifier: 場／场 m c mn; 個／个 m c mn)
美夢／美梦 ― měimèng ― good dream
夢魘／梦魇 ― mèngyǎn ― nightmare
做夢／做梦 ― zuòmèng ― to dream
發夢／发梦 [Cantonese] ― faat³ mung⁶ [Jyutping] ― to dream
我尋晚發咗個夢，係關於你嘅。喺夢裡面我見到你同我一齊健身。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我寻晚发咗个梦，系关于你嘅。喺梦里面我见到你同我一齐健身。 [Cantonese, simp.]
ngo⁵ cam⁴ maan⁵ faat³ zo² go³ mung⁶, hai⁶ gwaan¹ jyu¹ nei⁵ ge³. hai² mung⁶ leoi⁵ min⁶ ngo⁵ gin³ dou^3-2 nei⁵ tung⁴ ngo⁵ jat¹ cai⁴ gin⁶ san¹. [Jyutping]
This morning I had a dream about you. In the dream, I saw you working out with me.
- 其民不食不衣而多眠，五旬一覺，以夢中所為者實，覺之所見者妄。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  其民不食不衣而多眠，五旬一觉，以梦中所为者实，觉之所见者妄。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Liezi, 1^st – 5^th century CE
  Qí mín bù shí bù yì ér duōmián, wǔ xún yī jué, yǐ mèng zhōng suǒwéi zhě shí, jué zhī suǒjiàn zhě wàng. [Pinyin]
  Its people do not eat or wear clothing, sleep a lot, and awaken every fifty days. They think what they do in dreams are real, and what they see while awake illusory.
to dream; to have dreams
- 晝則呻呼而即事，夜則昏憊而熟寐。精神荒散，昔昔夢為國君。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  昼则呻呼而即事，夜则昏惫而熟寐。精神荒散，昔昔梦为国君。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Liezi, 1^st – 5^th century CE
  Zhòu zé shēnhū ér jíshì, yè zé hūnbèi ér shúmèi. Jīngshén huāngsǎn, xīxī mèng wéi guójūn. [Pinyin]
  By day he moans and pants at his labour, and by night, exhausted, he descends into fast slumber. As his mind drifts away, each night he dreams of becoming a monarch.
- 夢什麼　我夢著一隻豬　啊夢豬講十二 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
  梦什么　我梦着一只猪　啊梦猪讲十二 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
  From: 1987, 蔡秋鳳／蔡秋凤 (Kerris Tsai), 什麼樂
  bāng siáⁿ-mih, góa bāng-tio̍h chi̍t chiah ti, ah bāng ti kóng cha̍p-lī [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  What did you dream of? I dreamt of a pig, dreamt that a pig said twelve
(figurative) dream; aspiration; ambition; goal
我有一個夢。／我有一个梦。 ― Wǒ yǒu yīge mèng. ― I have a dream.
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 夢 (“dream”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		夢
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		夢
Mandarin	Taiwan	夢
	Yantai (Muping)	夢
	Luoyang	夢
	Wanrong	夢
	Xi'an	睡夢
	Xining	夢
	Ürümqi	夢
	Guilin	夢
	Yangzhou	夢
	Singapore	夢
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	睡夢
Cantonese	Guangzhou	夢
	Hong Kong	夢
	Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	夢
Gan	Nanchang	夢
Hakka	Meixian	夢
Jin	Taiyuan	夢
Min Dong	Fuzhou	夢
Min Nan	Xiamen	夢
	Quanzhou	夢
	Jinjiang	夢
	Manila (Hokkien)	夢
Wu	Suzhou	夢
Wu	Wenzhou	夢
Xiang	Changsha	夢, 南柯子 euphemistic
Xiang	Xiangxiang	夢

Dialectal synonyms of 做夢 (“to dream”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		夢
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		做夢, 作夢
Mandarin	Beijing	做夢
	Taiwan	做夢
	Tianjin	做夢
	Chengde	做夢
	Tangshan	做夢
	Cangzhou	做夢
	Baoding	做夢
	Shijiazhuang	做夢
	Chifeng	做夢
	Bayanhot	做睡夢
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	做夢
	Heihe	做夢
	Qiqihar	做夢
	Harbin	做夢
	Jiamusi	做夢
	Baicheng	做夢
	Tonghua	做夢
	Shenyang	做夢
	Dandong	做夢
	Jinzhou	做夢
	Dalian	做夢
	Yantai	做夢
	Yantai (Muping)	做夢
	Qingdao	做夢
	Lijin	做夢
	Zhucheng	做夢
	Jinan	做夢
	Jining	做夢
	Luoyang	做夢
	Wanrong	做夢
	Shangqiu	做夢
	Yuanyang	做夢
	Zhengzhou	做夢
	Lingbao	做夢
	Xinyang	做夢
	Baihe	做夢
	Hanzhong	做夢
	Xi'an	做睡夢, 做夢
	Baoji	做夢
	Yinchuan	做夢
	Tianshui	做夢, 夢睡夢
	Lanzhou	做睡夢, 夢睡夢
	Dunhuang	做夢, 睡夢
	Xining	做睡夢
	Hami	做夢
	Ürümqi	做夢, 做睡夢
	Wuhan	做夢
	Yichang	做夢
	Xiangyang	做夢
	Tianmen	做夢
	Hong'an	做夢
	Chengdu	做夢
	Nanchong	做夢
	Dazhou	扯混老二
	Hanyuan	做夢
	Xichang	做夢
	Zigong	做夢
	Muli	做夢
	Chongqing	做夢
	Guiyang	做夢
	Zunyi	做夢
	Bijie	做夢
	Liping	做夢
	Zhaotong	衝臺子
Dali	做夢
Kunming	做夢, 衝臺子
Mengzi	做夢
Guilin	做夢, 發夢, 發夢水
Pingle	做夢
Liuzhou	做夢
Luzhai	做夢
Nanning (Xiakuojie)	睡夢
Nanning (Fujian)	睡夢
Nanning (Wuming)	睡夢, 發夢
Nanning (Fucheng, Wuming)	睡夢
Binyang (Nanjie)	做夢
Yizhou	睡夢, 做夢
Luocheng (Dongmen)	睡夢, 做夢
Tianlin (Langping)	做夢
Jishou	做夢
Changde	做夢顛
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	做夢
Xuzhou	做夢
Fuyang	做夢
Wuhu	做夢
Yangzhou	做夢
Lianyungang	做夢
Lianshui	做夢
Nanjing	做夢
Hefei	做夢
Nantong	做夢
Singapore	做夢
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	做睡夢
Cantonese	Guangzhou	發夢
	Hong Kong	發夢
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	發夢
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	發夢
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	發夢
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	發夢
	Macau	發夢
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	發夢
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	發夢
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	發夢
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	發夢
	Foshan	發夢
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	發夢
	Foshan (Shunde)	發夢
	Foshan (Sanshui)	發夢
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	發夢
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	發迷夢
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	發迷夢
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	財夢, 發夢
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	發夢
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	發夢
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	發夢
	Taishan	發夢
	Kaiping (Chikan)	發夢
	Enping (Niujiang)	發夢
	Heshan (Yayao)	發夢
	Dongguan	發夢
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	發夢
	Qingyuan	發夢
	Fogang	發夢
	Yingde (Hanguang)	發夢
	Yangshan	發夢
	Lianshan (Butian)	發夢
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	發夢
	Shaoguan	發夢
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	發夢
	Renhua	發夢
	Lechang	發夢
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	發夢
	Sihui	發夢
	Guangning	發夢
	Deqing	發夢
	Huaiji	發夢
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	發夢
	Yunfu	發夢
	Xinxing	定夢
	Luoding	睡夢, 發夢
	Yunan (Pingtai)	發夢
	Yangjiang	睡夢
	Xinyi	睡夢, 做夢
	Maoming (Xinpo)	做夢, 睡夢
	Lianjiang	睡夢
	Nanning	睡夢
	Wuzhou	發夢
	Yulin	睡夢
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	睡夢
	Hepu (Shatian)	睡夢, 做夢
	Guiping	發夢
	Mengshan (Xihe)	睡夢
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	打睡夢
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	睡夢
	Baise	睡夢
	Bobai	睡夢
	Lingshan	睡夢
Pubei	睡夢
Qinzhou	發夢
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	信夢
Beihai	睡夢
Beihai (Nankang)	睡夢
Beihai (Yingpan)	睡夢
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	睡夢, 發夢
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	發夢
Ningming	做夢
Hengxian	打夢睡
Hezhou (Pumen)	睡夢
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	睡夢
Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	做夢
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	發夢
Singapore (Guangfu)	發夢
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	發夢
Móng Cái	睡夢
Gan	Nanchang	眠夢
	Lichuan	眠夢
	Pingxiang	打夢講
Hakka	Meixian	發夢
	Xingning	發夢
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	發夢
	Huidong (Daling)	發夢
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	發夢
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	發夢
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	發夢
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	發夢, 做夢
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	發夢
	Wengyuan	發夢
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	發夢
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	發夢
	Liannan	發夢
	Conghua (Lütian)	發夢
	Jiexi	發夢
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	發夢
	Changting	發夢
	Wuping	發瞑夢
	Wuping (Yanqian)	發瞑夢
	Wuping (Pingyu)	發夢, 發眠夢
	Liancheng	發夢
	Ninghua	對夢, 對眠夢
	Yudu	眠夢
	Ningdu	眠夢
	Ruijin	眠夢
	Shicheng	眠夢
	Shangyou (Shexi)	眠夢
	Tonggu (Sandu)	發夢
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	發夢
	Dayu	發夢
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	發夢
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	發夢
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	發夢
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	發夢
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	發夢
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	發夢
	Hong Kong	發夢
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	睡夢
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	睡夢
	Xinyi (Sihe)	睡夢
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	發夢
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	睡夢
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	發夢
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	發夢, 睡夢
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	睡夢
	Mengshan (Xihe)	睡夢
	Luchuan	做夢
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	睡夢
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	做夢
	Mashan (Pianlian)	發夢
	Senai (Huiyang)	發夢
Huizhou	Jixi	做虛夢
	Shexian	做夢
	Wuyuan	做夢
	Fuliang	發夢天, 得迷夢
	Dexing	眠夢
Jin	Taiyuan	夢夢, 作夢, 做夢
	Yangyuan	做夢
	Datong	做夢
	Xinzhou	夢夢
	Lishi	夢夢
	Linfen	夢見
	Changzhi	夢夢
	Linhe	夢夢
	Jining	做夢
	Hohhot	夢夢, 做夢
	Erenhot	做夢, 夢夢
	Pingshan	做夢
	Zhangjiakou	做夢
	Handan	做夢
	Linzhou	做夢
	Suide	夢夢
Min Bei	Jian'ou	發眠夢, 發迷夢
Min Dong	Fuzhou	做夢
Min Dong	Matsu	做夢
Min Nan	Xiamen	做夢, 眠夢
	Quanzhou	做夢, 眠夢
	Zhangzhou	做夢, 眠夢
	Taipei	眠夢
	Kaohsiung	做夢
	Yilan	眠夢
	Changhua (Lukang)	眠夢
	Taichung	眠夢
	Taichung (Wuqi)	做夢
	Tainan	做夢
	Taitung	做夢
	Hsinchu	做夢
	Penghu (Magong)	做夢
	Penang (Hokkien)	睏夢
	Singapore (Hokkien)	眠夢, 做眠
	Manila (Hokkien)	做夢
	Longyan	眠夢
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	睏希望
	Chaozhou	夢, 做夢
	Shantou	做夢
	Jieyang	做夢
	Haifeng	發夢, 發夢乾
	Bangkok (Teochew)	夢見
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	做夢
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	做夢
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	做夢
	Singapore (Teochew)	做夢
	Pontianak (Teochew)	做夢
	Leizhou	夢夢
	Haikou	做夢
Puxian Min	Putian	做夢
	Putian (Donghai)	做夢
	Putian (Jiangkou)	做夢
	Putian (Nanri)	做夢
	Xianyou	做夢, 夢
	Xianyou (Fengting)	做夢, 夢
	Xianyou (Youyang)	做夢, 夢
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	夢眠夢
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	睡夢, 發夢
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	製夢
Wu	Shanghai	做夢
	Shanghai (Chongming)	做夢
	Suzhou	做夢
	Danyang	做夢
	Hangzhou	做夢
	Ningbo	做亂夢
	Wenzhou	做夢
	Jinhua	做夢, 眠夢
Xiang	Changsha	做夢, 發夢天, 發夢衝, 走瀏陽, 走混路子
	Xiangtan	辵夢
	Loudi	辵夢, 做南柯子
	Shuangfeng	做夢, 做南柯子
	Quanzhou	做夢

Compounds

Derived terms from 夢

一場春夢／一场春梦
一夜無夢／一夜无梦
三刀夢／三刀梦
久夢初醒／久梦初醒
人生如夢／人生如梦
付之春夢／付之春梦
作夢／作梦
作白日夢／作白日梦
做夢／做梦
做春夢／做春梦
入夢／入梦
北夢瑣言／北梦琐言
南柯一夢／南柯一梦
南柯夢／南柯梦
占夢／占梦
召夢／召梦
同夢／同梦
同床各夢／同床各梦
同床異夢／同床异梦
啞子做夢／哑子做梦
啞子得夢／哑子得梦
啞子托夢／哑子托梦
噩夢／噩梦
圓夢／圆梦
報夢／报梦
夜長夢多／夜长梦多
夢事／梦事
夢兆／梦兆
夢兆熊羆／梦兆熊罴
夢勞魂想／梦劳魂想
夢吐白鳳／梦吐白凤
夢周公／梦周公
夢囈／梦呓
夢境／梦境
夢寐／梦寐
夢寐以求／梦寐以求
夢幻／梦幻
夢幻劇／梦幻剧
夢幻泡影／梦幻泡影
夢往神遊／梦往神游
夢想／梦想
夢想成真／梦想成真
夢撒／梦撒
夢撒撩丁／梦撒撩丁
夢斷魂勞／梦断魂劳
夢斷魂消／梦断魂消
夢斷黃粱／梦断黄粱
夢溪筆談／梦溪笔谈
夢熊／梦熊
夢熊之喜／梦熊之喜
夢筆／梦笔
夢筆生花／梦笔生花
夢粱錄／梦粱录
夢羆／梦罴
夢華／梦华
夢蘭／梦兰
夢蘭叶吉／梦兰叶吉

夢虺／梦虺
夢蛇／梦蛇
夢蝶／梦蝶
夢行症／梦行症
夢裡蝴蝶／梦里蝴蝶
夢見／梦见
夢覺黃粱／梦觉黄粱
夢話／梦话
夢遊／梦游
夢遊症／梦游症
夢遺／梦遗
夢鄉／梦乡
夢雲／梦云
夢魂／梦魂
夢魂顛倒／梦魂颠倒
夢魘／梦魇
大夢／大梦
大夢初醒／大梦初醒
好夢／好梦
好夢難圓／好梦难圆
好夢難成／好梦难成
如夢令／如梦令
如夢似幻／如梦似幻
如夢初覺／如梦初觉
如夢初醒／如梦初醒
如夢如醉／如梦如醉
如夢方醒／如梦方醒
如痴如夢／如痴如梦
如醉如夢／如醉如梦
寤夢／寤梦
巫山之夢／巫山之梦
席夢思／席梦思
幻夢／幻梦
幻夢成空／幻梦成空
幽夢影／幽梦影
惡夢／恶梦
戰地春夢／战地春梦
打夢／打梦
托夢／托梦
揚州夢／扬州梦
擾人清夢／扰人清梦
春夢／春梦
春夢一場／春梦一场
春夢婆／春梦婆
春夢無痕／春梦无痕
春秋大夢／春秋大梦
更長夢短／更长梦短
江淹夢筆／江淹梦笔
江淹夢錦／江淹梦锦
浮生若夢／浮生若梦
淘金夢／淘金梦
清明夢／清明梦
清醒夢／清醒梦
游園驚夢／游园惊梦
濕夢／湿梦
炊臼之夢／炊臼之梦
熊羆入夢／熊罴入梦

燕姞夢蘭／燕姞梦兰
生桑之夢／生桑之梦
異夢離心／异梦离心
痴人說夢／痴人说梦
發夢／发梦
白日夢／白日梦
眠思夢想／眠思梦想
睡夢／睡梦
筆夢生花／笔梦生花
紅塵客夢／红尘客梦
紅樓夢／红楼梦
羅含夢鳥／罗含梦鸟
羅浮夢／罗浮梦
美國夢／美国梦
美夢／美梦
美夢成真／美梦成真
美夢難圓／美梦难圆
耿夢／耿梦
胡蝶夢／胡蝶梦
至人無夢／至人无梦
舊夢重溫／旧梦重温
茵夢湖／茵梦湖
莊周夢蝶／庄周梦蝶
華胥之夢／华胥之梦
蔣夢麟／蒋梦麟
蕉鹿夢／蕉鹿梦
蘭夢／兰梦
虺蛇入夢／虺蛇入梦
蝴蝶夢／蝴蝶梦
蝶夢／蝶梦
蟻夢／蚁梦
解夢／解梦
觭夢／觭梦
託夢／托梦
詳夢／详梦
說夢／说梦
說夢話／说梦话
迷夢／迷梦
遺精夢泄／遗精梦泄
邯鄲一夢／邯郸一梦
邯鄲之夢／邯郸之梦
邯鄲夢／邯郸梦
酣夢／酣梦
醉生夢死／醉生梦死
重溫舊夢／重温旧梦
鈞天夢／钧天梦
長役夢魂／长役梦魂
陶庵夢憶／陶庵梦忆
陽臺春夢／阳台春梦
雲夢／云梦
雲夢大澤／云梦大泽
雲夢縣／云梦县
飛熊入夢／飞熊入梦
馮夢龍／冯梦龙
魂牽夢縈／魂牵梦萦
黃粱一夢／黄粱一梦
黃粱夢／黄粱梦

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): méng (meng²)
(Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mung⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: méng
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: méng
  - Wade–Giles: mêng²
  - Yale: méng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
  - Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: mung⁴
  - Yale: mùhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mung⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: mung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mʊŋ²¹/

Middle Chinese: /mɨuŋ/

Rime
Character	夢
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	莫中切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/miuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/miuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muwŋ/
Li Rong	/miuŋ/
Wang Li	/mĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	méng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mung⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*mɯŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	夢
Reading #	1/2
No.	8996
Phonetic component	夢
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	瞢
Old Chinese	/*mɯŋ/

Definitions

夢

^† muddled
- 民今方殆，視天夢夢。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  民今方殆，视天梦梦。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Mín jīn fāng dài, shì tiān méngméng. [Pinyin]
  The people now amidst their perils,
  Look to Heaven, all dark.

Compounds

夢夢／梦梦

夢夢查查／梦梦查查

夢夢銃銃／梦梦铳铳

References

“夢”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

夢

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: む (mu, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ぼう (bō)
Kun: ゆめ (yume, 夢, Jōyō)^{←ゆめ (yume, historical)}^{←いめ (ime, ancient)}; ゆめみる (yumemiru, 夢みる); くらい (kurai, 夢い)

Compounds

夢(む)境(きょう) (mukyō)
夢(む)幻(げん) (mugen)
夢(む)魂(こん) (mukon)
夢(む)死(し) (mushi)
夢(む)相(そう) (musō)
夢(む)想(そう) (musō)
夢(む)中(ちゅう) (muchū)
夢(む)裏(り) (muri)
悪(あく)夢(む) (akumu)
淫(いん)夢(む) (inmu)
快(かい)夢(む) (kaimu)
怪(かい)夢(む) (kaimu)
槐(かい)夢(む) (kaimu)
客(かく)夢(む) (kakumu)
吉(きち)夢(む) (kichimu)
凶(きょう)夢(む) (kyōmu)
郷(きょう)夢(む) (kyōmu)
虚(きょ)夢(む) (kyomu)
残(ざん)夢(む) (zanmu)
実(じつ)夢(む) (jitsumu)
春(しゅん)夢(む) (shunmu)
瑞(ずい)夢(む) (zuimu)
酔(すい)夢(む) (suimu)
性(せい)夢(む) (seimu)
占(せん)夢(む) (senmu)
痴(ち)夢(む) (chimu)
昼(ちゅう)夢(む) (chūmu)
迷(めい)夢(む) (meimu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
夢
ゆめ Grade: 5
kun’yomi

⟨i me₂⟩ → */jiməɨ/ → /jɨme/ → /jume/

Appears in texts from the 900s.[1]

Shift from Old Japanese 夢 (ime₂), itself a compound of 寝 (i, “sleep, sleeping”, obsolete) +‎ 目 (me, “eye; sight, vision”).[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ゆめ [yùméꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[3][4]
IPA^(key): [jɯ̟ᵝme̞]

Noun

夢(ゆめ) • (yume)

a dream
- 1989 November 10 [May 25 1988], Fujiko F. Fujio, “夢カメラ [Dream Camera]”, in 征地球論 [A Debate over Conquering Earth] (藤子・Ｆ・不二雄ＳＦ全短編; 3), volume 3 (fiction), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第二章, page 275:
  これはなんです！
  Kore wa nan desu!
  What is this!?
  こ　これは夢(ゆめ)カメラといって……
  Ko kore wa Yume Kamera to itte……
  Th– This was taken with the Dream Camera…
  なにをユメみたいなこといってるんですか
  Nani o yume mitai na koto itterun desu ka
  Are you saying this is just a dream!?
a vision Template:gl-lite
leaving reality to the state of lusciousness (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
a fantasy (idea from one's imagination)
an illusion or delusion
Synonym: 迷夢 (meimu)
something fragile (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Derived terms

夢(ゆめ)夢(ゆめ)し (yumeyumeshi)
夢(ゆめ)む (yumemu)
夢(ゆめ)合(あ)わせ (yumeawase)
夢(ゆめ)現(うつつ) (yume-utsutsu)
夢(ゆめ)か現(うつつ)か (yume ka utsutsu ka)
夢(ゆめ)語(がた)り (yumegatari)
夢(ゆめ)路(じ) (yumeji)
夢(ゆめ)助(すけ), 夢(ゆめ)介(すけ) (Yumesuke)
夢(ゆめ)違(ちが)い (yumechigai)
夢(ゆめ)違(ちが)え (yumechigae), 夢(ゆめ)違(たが)え (yumetagae)
夢(ゆめ)の通(かよ)い路(じ) (yume no kayoiji)
夢(ゆめ)の告(つ)げ (yume no tsuge)
夢(ゆめ)の名(な)残(ごり) (yume no nagori)
夢(ゆめ)の間(ま) (yume no ma)
夢(ゆめ)の世(よ) (yume no yo)
夢(ゆめ)許(ばか)り (yumebakari)
夢(ゆめ)話(ばなし) (yumebanashi)
夢(ゆめ)人(びと) (yumebito)
夢(ゆめ)幻(まぼろし) (yume-maboroshi)
夢(ゆめ)見(み) (yumemi)
夢(ゆめ)見(み)る (yumemiru)
夢(ゆめ)物(もの)語(がたり) (yume monogatari)
逆(さか)夢(ゆめ) (sakayume)
空(そら)夢(ゆめ) (sorayume)
初(はつ)夢(ゆめ) (hatsuyume)
正(まさ)夢(ゆめ) (masayume)

Idioms

夢(ゆめ)を合(あ)わす (yume o awasu)
夢(ゆめ)を描(えが)く (yume o egaku)
夢(ゆめ)を託(たく)する (yume o taku suru)
夢(ゆめ)を見(み)る (yume o miru)
夢(ゆめ)を結(むす)ぶ (yume o musubu)
京(きょう)の夢(ゆめ)大(おお)阪(さか)の夢(ゆめ) (kyō no yume Ōsaka no yume)
長(ちょう)夜(や)の夢(ゆめ)を覚(さ)ます (chōya no yume o samasu)

Proverbs

夢(ゆめ)に夢(ゆめ)見(み)る (yume ni yumemiru)
夢(ゆめ)の跡(あと) (yume no ato)
夢(ゆめ)は五(ご)臓(ぞう)のわずらい (yume wa gozō no wazurai)
夢(ゆめ)の夢(ゆめ) (yume no yume), 夢(ゆめ)のまた夢(ゆめ) (yume no mata yume)
夢(ゆめ)は逆(さか)夢(ゆめ) (yume wa sakayume)
一(いっ)炊(すい)の夢(ゆめ) (issui no yume)
浮(うき)世(よ)は夢(ゆめ) (ukiyo wa yume)
邯(かん)鄲(たん)の夢(ゆめ) (kantan no yume)
昨日(きのう)の花(はな)は今日(きょう)の夢(ゆめ) (kinō no hana wa kyō no yume)
槿(きん)花(か)一(いっ)朝(ちょう)の夢(ゆめ) (kinka itchō no yume)
池(ち)塘(とう)春(しゅん)草(そう)の夢(ゆめ) (chitō shunsō no yume)
南(なん)柯(か)の夢(ゆめ) (nanka no yume)
浮(ふ)生(せい)夢(ゆめ)の如(ごと)し (fusei yume no gotoshi)
盧(ろ)生(せい)の夢(ゆめ) (rosei no yume)

Proper noun

夢(ゆめ) • (Yume)

a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
夢
む Grade: 5
goon

From Middle Chinese 夢 (MC mɨuŋ^H).

Affix

夢(む) • (mu)

dream
illusion
vision
fantasy

Derived terms

正(せい)夢(む) (seimu)
白(はく)昼(ちゅう)夢(む) (hakuchūmu)
霊(れい)夢(む) (reimu)

References

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

Korean

Alternative forms

㒱

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 夢 (MC mɨuŋ^H).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	모ᇰ〮 (Yale: mwóng)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527	ᄭᅮᆷ〮 (Yale: skwúm)	모ᇰ〯 (Yale: mwǒng)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [mo̞(ː)ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [몽(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource夢 (eumhun 꿈 몽 (kkum mong))

Hanja form^? of 몽 (“dream”). [affix]

Compounds

길몽 (吉夢, gilmong)
몽매 (夢寐, mongmae)
몽상 (夢想, mongsang)
몽설 (夢泄, mongseol)
몽유 (夢遊, mong'yu)
몽정 (夢精, mongjeong)
몽환 (夢幻, monghwan)
악몽 (惡夢, angmong)
태몽 (胎夢, taemong)
해몽 (解夢, haemong)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Old Japanese

Etymology

Compound of 寢 (i₁, “sleep, sleeping”) +‎ 目 (me₂, “eye; sight, vision”).[1][2][3]

Noun

夢 (ime₂) (kana いめ)

a dream
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 4, poem 490), text here
  真野之浦乃与騰乃継橋情由毛思哉妹之伊目尓之所見
  Mano₁-no₂-ura no₂ yo₂do₂ no₂ tugi₁pasi ko₂ko₂ro₂ yu mo omope₂ ya imo ga ime₂ ni si mi₁yuru
  inside Mano a faltered bridge and even through the heart the memories in the dream the sister was to be seen

Derived terms

夢合はせ (ime₂apase)
夢の逢ひ (ime₂ no₂ api₁)

Descendants

Japanese: 夢 (yume)

References

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

Han character

夢: Hán Nôm readings: mộng, mọng, mống, mồng, mòng, muống

chữ Hán form of mộng (“dream”).

References

Nom Foundation

[KDJ-1] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJS-2] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-3] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[ZAJ-4] 1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[5] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[6] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[7] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN