ぞくぞく

Japanese

Pronunciation 1

(Tokyo) ぞくぞく [zòkúzókú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [d͡zo̞kɯ̟ᵝzo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Etymology

From reduplication of 簇 (ぞく) (zoku),[1][2] itself from Middle Chinese 簇 (MC t͡sʰuk̚, “crowded, bunched, gathered”).

Adjective

ぞくぞく (-tari inflection, rōmaji zokuzoku)

簇簇: (rare reading) grouped together, bunched up

Usage notes

Used with the adverbial particle と (to).

More commonly read as そうそう (sōsō).[1][2]

Pronunciation 2

(Tokyo) ぞくぞく [zóꜜkùzòkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [d͡zo̞kɯ̟ᵝzo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Etymology

From reduplication of ideophonic element ぞく (zoku), also found in ぞくっと (zokutto) of similar meaning.[1][2]

A surface analysis suggests ideophonic ぞ (zo) expressing a sense of "buzz" or "shiver", appended with ideophonic く (ku) possibly expressing a sudden change in state.

Likely cognate with the zo element in ぞっと (zotto, “shiveringly, shockedly, startledly”), ぞぞめく (zozomeku, “to move or behave in a creeping, buzzing, rustling, impatient, or uncomfortable manner”), ぞぞ髪 (がみ) (zozogami, “hair standing on end due to fright or shock”).

Adverb

ぞくぞく (rōmaji zokuzoku)

shiveringly, with a shudder
- 2018, Charlie N Holmberg; Fumiyo Harashima (tr.), Shinjitsu no majutsushi, translation of The Master Magician:
  指 (ゆび)の裏側 (うらがわ)で首筋 (くびすじ)をなでられ、肩 (かた)の下 (した)にぞくぞくとした感覚 (かんかく)が走 (はし)る。「ありがとう」とエメリーは言 (い)った。
  Yubi no uragawa de kubisuji o naderare, kata no shita ni zokuzoku to shita kankaku ga hashiru. “Arigatō” to Emerī wa itta.
  The back of his fingers caressing the nape of her neck, a sensation ran shivering down her shoulders. "Thank you," Emery said.

Usage notes

May be used with the adverbial particle と (to).

Synonyms

ぞっと (zotto)
ぞくっと (zokutto)

Verb

ぞくぞくする (rōmaji zokuzoku suru)

to shiver, to feel a chill, as from cold or fear
体 (からだ)がぞくぞくしている。
Karada ga zokuzoku shite iru.
My body is shivering.
to be vibrating as from joy or excitement
to shudder from fear, to have the creeps

Synonyms

ぞっとする (zotto suru)
ぞくっとする (zokutto suru)

Usage notes

Zokuzoku implies an ongoing shiver, whereas synonyms zokutto and zotto imply a one-time shiver.

Pronunciation 3

(Tokyo) ぞくぞく [zòkúzókú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
(Tokyo) ぞくぞく [zóꜜkùzòkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [d͡zo̞kɯ̟ᵝzo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Etymology

From reduplication of 続 (ぞく) (zoku, “to continue”),[1][2] itself from Middle Chinese 續 (MC zɨok̚).

Adverb

ぞくぞく (rōmaji zokuzoku)

続続, 続々: successively, one after another

Usage notes

Used with the adverbial particle と (to).

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-2] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

单词	ぞくぞく
释义	ぞくぞく Japanese Pronunciation 1 (Tokyo) ぞくぞく `[zòkúzókú]` (Heiban – [0])[1] IPA^(key): [d͡zo̞kɯ̟ᵝzo̞kɯ̟ᵝ] Etymology From reduplication of 簇 (ぞく) (zoku),[1][2] itself from Middle Chinese 簇 (MC t͡sʰuk̚, “crowded, bunched, gathered”). Adjective ぞくぞく (-tari inflection, rōmaji zokuzoku) 簇簇: (rare reading) grouped together, bunched up Usage notes Used with the adverbial particle と (to). More commonly read as そうそう (sōsō).[1][2] Pronunciation 2 (Tokyo) ぞくぞく `[zóꜜkùzòkù]` (Atamadaka – [1])[1] IPA^(key): [d͡zo̞kɯ̟ᵝzo̞kɯ̟ᵝ] Etymology From reduplication of ideophonic element ぞく (zoku), also found in ぞくっと (zokutto) of similar meaning.[1][2] A surface analysis suggests ideophonic ぞ (zo) expressing a sense of "buzz" or "shiver", appended with ideophonic く (ku) possibly expressing a sudden change in state. Likely cognate with the zo element in ぞっと (zotto, “shiveringly, shockedly, startledly”), ぞぞめく (zozomeku, “to move or behave in a creeping, buzzing, rustling, impatient, or uncomfortable manner”), ぞぞ髪 (がみ) (zozogami, “hair standing on end due to fright or shock”). Adverb ぞくぞく (rōmaji zokuzoku) shiveringly, with a shudder 2018, Charlie N Holmberg; Fumiyo Harashima (tr.), Shinjitsu no majutsushi, translation of The Master Magician: 指 (ゆび)の裏側 (うらがわ)で首筋 (くびすじ)をなでられ、肩 (かた)の下 (した)にぞくぞくとした感覚 (かんかく)が走 (はし)る。「ありがとう」とエメリーは言 (い)った。 Yubi no uragawa de kubisuji o naderare, kata no shita ni zokuzoku* to shita kankaku ga hashiru. “Arigatō” to Emerī wa itta.* The back of his fingers caressing the nape of her neck, a sensation ran shivering down her shoulders. "Thank you," Emery said. Usage notes May be used with the adverbial particle と (to). Synonyms ぞっと (zotto) ぞくっと (zokutto) Verb ぞくぞくする (rōmaji zokuzoku suru) to shiver, to feel a chill, as from cold or fear 体 (からだ)がぞくぞくしている。 Karada ga zokuzoku shite* iru.* My body is shivering. to be vibrating as from joy or excitement to shudder from fear, to have the creeps Synonyms ぞっとする (zotto suru) ぞくっとする (zokutto suru) Usage notes Zokuzoku implies an ongoing shiver, whereas synonyms zokutto and zotto imply a one-time shiver. Pronunciation 3 (Tokyo) ぞくぞく `[zòkúzókú]` (Heiban – [0])[1] (Tokyo) ぞくぞく `[zóꜜkùzòkù]` (Atamadaka – [1])[1] IPA^(key): [d͡zo̞kɯ̟ᵝzo̞kɯ̟ᵝ] Etymology From reduplication of 続 (ぞく) (zoku, “to continue”),[1][2] itself from Middle Chinese 續 (MC zɨok̚). Adverb ぞくぞく (rōmaji zokuzoku) 続続, 続々: successively, one after another Usage notes Used with the adverbial particle と (to). References 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
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