ἐΰς
See also: -εύς
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- ἠΰς (ēǘs) – Epic
Etymology
Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀄- (e-u-). Has been connected with Sanskrit सु- (su-) and Hittite [script needed] (āššu-), which would point to Proto-Indo-European *h₁su-; this may itself derive from *h₁es- (“to be”). A competing theory, however, connects the word with Sanskrit वसु (vásu-), Avestan 𐬬𐬊𐬵𐬎- (vohu-), Illyrian *Vescleves, Middle Irish feb (“eminence”), which would derive from a Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus. This theory would be supported by a reading δὲ ἐάων (dè eáōn) in book 24, line 528 of the Iliad, where the lack of elision would suggest an initial *w; however, this reading is late and therefore uncertain.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /e.ýs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /eˈys/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /eˈys/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eˈys/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eˈis/
Adjective
ἐῠ̈́ς • (eǘs)
- (poetic) good, brave, noble
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.819:
- Δαρδανίων αὖτ’ ἦρχεν ἐῢς πάϊς Ἀγχῑ́σᾱο Αἰνείᾱς
- Dardaníōn aût’ êrkhen eǜs páïs Ankhī́sāo Aineíās
- Aeneas, the brave son of Anchises, was again captain of the Dardanians.
- Δαρδανίων αὖτ’ ἦρχεν ἐῢς πάϊς Ἀγχῑ́σᾱο Αἰνείᾱς
Inflection
Irregular declension of ἐΰς; —; ἠΰ (Epic)
| Number | Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | ἐΰς / ἠΰς eǘs / ēǘs | — | ἠΰ ēǘ | — | — | ἠέᾰ? ēéa? | ||||||||
| Genitive | ἑῆος heêos | — | ἑῆος heêos | ἑᾱ́ων heā́ōn | — | ἑᾱ́ων heā́ōn | ||||||||
| Dative | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||
| Accusative | ἐΰν / ἠΰν eǘn / ēǘn | — | ἠΰ ēǘ | — | — | ἠέᾰ? ēéa? | ||||||||
| Vocative | — | — | ἠΰ ēǘ | — | — | — | ||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Irregular declension of ἐΰς; —; ἠΰ (Attic)
| Number | Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | ἐΰς eǘs | — | ἠΰ ēǘ | *ἠεῖς *ēeîs | — | *ἠᾶ *ēâ | ||||||||
| Genitive | ἐῆος eêos | — | ἐῆος eêos | *ἐῶν *eôn | — | *ἐῶν *eôn | ||||||||
| Dative | *ἐῆει *eêei | — | *ἐῆει *eêei | *ἐῆσι / ἐῆσιν *eêsi(n) | — | *ἐῆσι / ἐῆσιν *eêsi(n) | ||||||||
| Accusative | ἐΰν eǘn | — | ἠΰ ēǘ | *ἠεῖς *ēeîs | — | *ἠᾶ *ēâ | ||||||||
| Vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Synonyms
- ἀγαθός (agathós)
Related terms
- εὖ (eû, “well”)
References
- “ἐΰς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἐΰς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἐΰς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963