ढल्नु
Nepali
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɖʱʌ̤lnu]
- Phonetic Devanagari: ढल्नु
Verb
ढल्नु • (ḍhalnu) (intransitive)
- to fall down
- to be felled
- to be knocked over
- to tilt, lean
- to draw to a close
- to faint
Conjugation
Conjugation of ढल्नु [ɖʱʌlnu]
Information | ||||
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Stem | ढल्- [ɖʱʌl-] | |||
Conjugation type | 1st conjugation: consonant-ending stem, regular. | |||
Derivatives | ||||
I-stem (Passive) | ढलिनु [ɖʱʌlinu] | |||
A-stem (Causative/Denominative) | ढलाउनु [ɖʱʌläu̯nu] | |||
Non-finite forms | ||||
Infinitives | ढल्नु [ɖʱʌlnu] ढल्न [ɖʱʌlnʌ] | |||
Participles | Affirmative (+) | Negative (–) | ||
Conjunctive | ढलेर [ɖʱʌleɾʌ] ढली [ɖʱʌli] ढलीकन [ɖʱʌlikʌnʌ] | नढलेर [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌleɾʌ] नढली [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌli] नढलीकन [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlikʌnʌ] | ||
1st Perfect | m. sing. | ढलेको [ɖʱʌleko] | नढलेको [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌleko] | |
f. sing. | ढलेकी [ɖʱʌleki] | नढलेकी [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌleki] | ||
pl. | ढलेका [ɖʱʌlekä] | नढलेका [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlekä] | ||
high-resp. | ढल्नुभएको [ɖʱʌlnu ͜ bʱʌeko] | नढल्नुभएको [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnu ͜ bʱʌeko] | ||
2nd Perfect | normal | ढले [ɖʱʌle] | नढले [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌle] | |
high-resp. | ढल्नुभए [ɖʱʌlnu ͜ bʱʌe] | नढल्नुभए [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnu ͜ bʱʌe] | ||
Imperfect | normal | ढल्दा [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ä] ढल्दै [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯] ढल्दो [ɖʱʌl̪d̪o] | नढल्दा [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌl̪d̪ä] नढल्दै [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯] नढल्दो [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌl̪d̪o] | |
high-resp. | ढल्नुहुँदा [ɖʱʌlnuɦũd̪ä] ढल्नुहुँदै [ɖʱʌlnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] ढल्नुहुँदो [ɖʱʌlnuɦũd̪o] | नढल्नुहुँदा [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnuɦũd̪ä] नढल्नुहुँदै [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] नढल्नुहुँदो [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnuɦũd̪o] | ||
Infinitival | normal | ढल्ने [ɖʱʌlne] | नढल्ने [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlne] | |
high-resp. | ढल्नुहुने [ɖʱʌlnuɦune] | नढल्नुहुने [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnuɦune] | ||
Absolutive | ढलि [ɖʱʌli] |
Finite forms of ढल्नु [ɖʱʌlnu] | |||||||||||||||
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Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 2nd & 3rd | |||||||||||
Pronoun | म SING. | हामी PL. | तँ LOW-RESP. SING. | तिमी MID-RESP. | ऊ LOW-RESP. SING. | उनी MID-RESP. | तपाईं / ऊहाँ HIGH-RESP. | ||||||||
m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | ||||
Present | + | ढल्छु [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰu] | ढल्छौं [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] | ढल्छस् [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰʌs] | ढल्छेस् [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰes] | ढल्छौ [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰʌu̯] | ढल्छ्यौ [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰeu̯] | ढल्छ [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰʌʌ] | ढल्छे [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰe] | ढल्छन् [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰʌn] | ढल्छिन् [ɖʱʌlt͡sʰin] | ढल्नुहुन्छ [ɖʱʌlnuɦunt͡sʰʌ] | |||
– | ढल्दिनँ [ɖʱʌl̪d̪inʌ̃] | ढल्दैनौं [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] | ढल्दैनस् [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌs] | ढल्दिनेस् [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ines] | ढल्दैनौ [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌu̯] | ढल्दिनौ [ɖʱʌl̪d̪inʌu̯] | ढल्दैन [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌ] | ढल्दिने [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ine] | ढल्दैनन् [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌn] | ढल्दिनन् [ɖʱʌl̪d̪inʌn] | ढल्नुहुँदैन [ɖʱʌlnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌ] | ||||
Past | Simple | + | ढलें [ɖʱʌlẽ] | ढल्यौं [ɖʱʌljʌ̃ũ̯] | ढलिस् [ɖʱʌlis] | ढल्यौ [ɖʱʌljʌu̯] | ढल्यो [ɖʱʌljo] | ढली [ɖʱʌli] | ढले [ɖʱʌle] | ढलिन् [ɖʱʌlin] | ढल्नुभयो [ɖʱʌlnu ͜ bʱʌjo] | ||||
– | ढलिनँ [ɖʱʌlinʌ̃] | ढलेनौं [ɖʱʌlenʌ̃ũ̯] | ढलेनस् [ɖʱʌlenʌs] | ढलिनेस् [ɖʱʌlines] | ढलेनौ [ɖʱʌlenʌu̯] | ढलेन [ɖʱʌlenʌ] | ढलिने [ɖʱʌline] | ढलेनन् [ɖʱʌlenʌn] | ढलिनन् [ɖʱʌlinʌn] | ढल्नुभएन [ɖʱʌlnu ͜ bʱʌenʌ] | |||||
Habitual | + | ढल्थें [ɖʱʌl̪t̪ʰẽ] | ढल्थ्यौं [ɖʱʌl̪t̪ʰẽũ̯] | ढल्थिस् [ɖʱʌl̪t̪ʰis] | ढल्थ्यौ [ɖʱʌl̪t̪ʰeu̯] | ढल्थ्यो [ɖʱʌl̪t̪ʰjo] | ढल्थी [ɖʱʌl̪t̪ʰi] | ढल्थे [ɖʱʌl̪t̪ʰe] | ढल्थिन् [ɖʱʌl̪t̪ʰin] | ढल्नुहुन्थ्यो [ɖʱʌlnuɦun̪t̪ʰjo] | |||||
– | ढल्दिनथें [ɖʱʌl̪d̪inʌt̪ʰẽ] | ढल्दैनथ्यौं [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰẽũ̯] | ढल्दैनथिस् [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰis] | ढल्दिनथिस् [ɖʱʌl̪d̪inʌt̪ʰis] | ढल्दैनथ्यौ [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰeu̯] | ढल्दिनथ्यौ [ɖʱʌl̪d̪inʌt̪ʰeu̯] | ढल्दैनथ्यो [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo] | ढल्दैनथी [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰi] | ढल्दैनथे [ɖʱʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰe] | ढल्दिनथिन् [ɖʱʌl̪d̪inʌt̪ʰin] | ढल्नुहुँदैनथ्यो [ɖʱʌlnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo] | ||||
Unknown | + | ढलेछु [ɖʱʌlet͡sʰu] | ढलिछु [ɖʱʌlit͡sʰu] | ढलेछौं [ɖʱʌlet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] | ढलेछस् [ɖʱʌlet͡sʰʌs] | ढलिछेस् [ɖʱʌlit͡sʰes] | ढलेछौ [ɖʱʌlet͡sʰʌu̯] | ढलेछ [ɖʱʌlet͡sʰʌ] | ढलिछे [ɖʱʌlit͡sʰe] | ढलेछन् [ɖʱʌlet͡sʰʌn] | ढलिछिन् [ɖʱʌlit͡sʰin] | ढल्नुभएछ [ɖʱʌlnu ͜ bʱʌet͡sʰʌ] | |||
– | ढलेनछु [ɖʱʌlenʌt͡sʰu] | ढलिनछु [ɖʱʌlinʌt͡sʰu] | ढलेनछौं [ɖʱʌlenʌt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] | ढलेनछस् [ɖʱʌlenʌt͡sʰʌs] | ढलिनछेस् [ɖʱʌlinʌt͡sʰes] | ढलेनछौ [ɖʱʌlenʌt͡sʰʌu̯] | ढलेनछ [ɖʱʌlenʌt͡sʰʌ] | ढलिनछे [ɖʱʌlinʌt͡sʰe] | ढलेनछन् [ɖʱʌlenʌt͡sʰʌn] | ढलिनछिन् [ɖʱʌlinʌt͡sʰin] | ढल्नुभएनछ [ɖʱʌlnu ͜ bʱʌenʌt͡sʰʌ] | ||||
Future | Definite | + | ढल्नेछु [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰu] | ढल्नेछौं [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] | ढल्नेछस् [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌs] | ढल्नेछेस् [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰes] | ढल्नेछौ [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌu̯] | ढल्नेछ्यौ [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰeu̯] | ढल्नेछ [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌ] | ढल्नेछे [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰe] | ढल्नेछन् [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌn] | ढल्नेछिन् [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰin] | ढल्नुहुनेछ [ɖʱʌlnuɦunet͡sʰʌ] | ||
– | ढल्नेछैनँ [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃] | ढल्नेछैनौं [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] | ढल्नेछैनस् [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌs] | ढल्नेछैनेस् [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nes] | ढल्नेछैनौ [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌu̯] | ढल्नेछैन [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ] | ढल्नेछैनन् [ɖʱʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌn] | ढल्नुहुनेछैन [ɖʱʌlnuɦunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ] | |||||||
Indefinite | + | ढलुँला [ɖʱʌlũlä] | ढलुँली [ɖʱʌlũli] | ढलौंला [ɖʱʌlʌ̃ũ̯lä] | ढल्लास् [ɖʱʌlläs] | ढल्लिस् [ɖʱʌllis] | ढलौला, ढल्लाउ [ɖʱʌlʌu̯lä, ɖʱʌlläu̯] | ढलौली, ढल्लेउ [ɖʱʌlʌu̯li, ɖʱʌlleu̯] | ढल्ला [ɖʱʌllä] | ढल्ली [ɖʱʌlli] | ढल्लान्, ढल्नन् [ɖʱʌllän, ɖʱʌlnʌn] | ढल्लिन्, ढल्निन् [ɖʱʌllin, ɖʱʌlnin] | ढल्नुहोला [ɖʱʌlnuɦolä] | ||
– | ढलोइनँ [ɖʱʌloi̯nʌ̃] | ढलोइनौं [ɖʱʌloi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] | ढलोइनस् [ɖʱʌloi̯nʌs] | ढलोइनौ [ɖʱʌloi̯nʌu̯] | ढलोइन [ɖʱʌloi̯nʌ] | ढलोइनन् [ɖʱʌloi̯nʌn] | ढल्नुहोओइन [ɖʱʌlnuɦooi̯nʌ] | ||||||||
नढलुँला [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlũlä] | नढलुँली [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlũli] | नढलौंला [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlʌ̃ũ̯lä] | नढल्लास् [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlläs] | नढल्लिस् [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌllis] | नढलौला, नढल्लाउ [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlʌu̯lä, nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlläu̯] | नढलौली, नढल्लेउ [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlʌu̯li, nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlleu̯] | नढल्ला [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌllä] | नढल्ली [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlli] | नढल्लान्, नढल्नन् [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌllän, nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnʌn] | नढल्लिन्, नढल्निन् [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌllin, nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnin] | नढल्नुहोला [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnuɦolä] | ||||
Injunctive | + | ढलूँ [ɖʱʌlũ] | ढलौं, ढलूँ [ɖʱʌlʌ̃ũ̯, ɖʱʌlũ] | ढल्, ढलेस्, ढले [ɖʱʌl, ɖʱʌles, ɖʱʌle] | ढल, ढले [ɖʱʌlʌ, ɖʱʌle] | ढलोस् [ɖʱʌlos] | ढलून् [ɖʱʌlun] | ढल्नुहोओस् [ɖʱʌlnuɦoos] | |||||||
– | नढलूँ [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlũ] | नढलौं, नढलूँ [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlʌ̃ũ̯, nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlũ] | नढल्, नढलेस्, नढले [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌl, nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌles, nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌle] | नढल, नढले [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlʌ, nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌle] | नढलोस् [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlos] | नढलून् [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlun] | नढल्नुहोओस् [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlnuɦoos] | ||||||||
Imperative | + | — | — | ढल् [ɖʱʌl] | ढल [ɖʱʌlʌ] | — | — | ढल्नुहोस्, ढल्नोस् [ɖʱʌlnuɦos, ɖʱʌlnos] | |||||||
– | — | — | नढल् [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌl] | नढल [nʌ ͜ ɖʱʌlʌ] | — | — | नढल्नुहोस्, नढल्नोस् [nʌɽʌlnuɦos, nʌɽʌlnos] |
References
- “ढल्नु”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (Nepālī Br̥hat Śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993), “ढल्नु”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar