pono
See also: poño
Hawaiian
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *pono, from Proto-Oceanic *bonor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bənər (compare with Malay benar).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpo.no/, [ˈpono]
Noun
pono
- righteousness
- Ua mau ke ea o ka ʻāina i ka pono.
- The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness.
- Ua mau ke ea o ka ʻāina i ka pono.
- morality, goodness, excellence
- correct procedure, true nature, rights, duty
- prosperity, well-being
- property, supplies
- use, purpose
Verb
pono
- (stative) good, moral, proper
- (stative) beneficial
- (stative) should, must, necessary
Particle
pono
- (preceding a word or term) careless, any old way
- Mai pono helu ʻoe, e helu pono!
- Don't count carelessly, count properly!
- Mai pono helu ʻoe, e helu pono!
Latin
Etymology
From earlier *poznō, from Proto-Italic *pozinō. Equivalent to po- + sinō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpoː.noː/, [ˈpoːnoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpo.no/, [ˈpɔːno]
Audio (Classical) (file) - Hyphenation: po‧no
Verb
pōnō (present infinitive pōnere, perfect active posuī or posīvī, supine positum); third conjugation
- I place, put, lay
- Synonyms: collocō, statuo, loco, sisto, figo, constituo, struō, impono, defigo
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.652:
- montibus hīs pōnunt spemque laremque suum
- on these hills they place their hope and their home
- montibus hīs pōnunt spemque laremque suum
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Lucas 9:16:
- acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas
- Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and broke, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude.
- acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas
- I ordain, appoint, make something
- Synonyms: indīcō, imperō, praescrībō, iniungō, praecipiō, ēdīcō, mandō, iubeō, dictō
- I set up, pitch (camp)
- I put away, leave off, dismiss, forego, lay down, surrender
- Synonyms: dēserō, relinquō, omittō, dēdō, concēdō, dēcēdō, reddō, remittō, dēstituō, dēficiō, oblīvīscor, cēdō, permittō, dissimulō, trādō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, tribuō
Conjugation
| Conjugation of pōnō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | pōnō | pōnis | pōnit | pōnimus | pōnitis | pōnunt |
| imperfect | pōnēbam | pōnēbās | pōnēbat | pōnēbāmus | pōnēbātis | pōnēbant | |
| future | pōnam | pōnēs | pōnet | pōnēmus | pōnētis | pōnent | |
| perfect | posuī | posuistī | posuit | posuimus | posuistis | posuērunt, posuēre | |
| pluperfect | posueram | posuerās | posuerat | posuerāmus | posuerātis | posuerant | |
| future perfect | posuerō | posueris | posuerit | posuerimus | posueritis | posuerint | |
| passive | present | pōnor | pōneris, pōnere | pōnitur | pōnimur | pōniminī | pōnuntur |
| imperfect | pōnēbar | pōnēbāris, pōnēbāre | pōnēbātur | pōnēbāmur | pōnēbāminī | pōnēbantur | |
| future | pōnar | pōnēris, pōnēre | pōnētur | pōnēmur | pōnēminī | pōnentur | |
| perfect | positus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | positus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | positus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | pōnam | pōnās | pōnat | pōnāmus | pōnātis | pōnant |
| imperfect | pōnerem | pōnerēs | pōneret | pōnerēmus | pōnerētis | pōnerent | |
| perfect | posuerim | posuerīs | posuerit | posuerīmus | posuerītis | posuerint | |
| pluperfect | posuissem | posuissēs | posuisset | posuissēmus | posuissētis | posuissent | |
| passive | present | pōnar | pōnāris, pōnāre | pōnātur | pōnāmur | pōnāminī | pōnantur |
| imperfect | pōnerer | pōnerēris, pōnerēre | pōnerētur | pōnerēmur | pōnerēminī | pōnerentur | |
| perfect | positus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | positus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | pōne | — | — | pōnite | — |
| future | — | pōnitō | pōnitō | — | pōnitōte | pōnuntō | |
| passive | present | — | pōnere | — | — | pōniminī | — |
| future | — | pōnitor | pōnitor | — | — | pōnuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | pōnere | posuisse | positūrum esse | pōnī | positum esse | positum īrī | |
| participles | pōnēns | — | positūrus | — | positus | pōnendus, pōnundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| pōnendī | pōnendō | pōnendum | pōnendō | positum | positū | ||
Derived terms
- antepōnō
- appōnō
- circumpōnō
- compōnō
- contrāpōnō
- dēpōnō
- dispōnō
- expōnō
- impōnō
- interpōnō
- oppōnō
- pōnēns
- postis
- postpōnō
- praepōnō
- prōpōnō
- repōnō
- sēpōnō
- superimpōnō
- superpōnō
- suppōnō
- trānspōnō
Descendants
- Aromanian: pun
- Asturian: poner
- Catalan: pondre
- French: pondre
- Friulian: poni, pondi, pogni
- Galician: poñer, pór
- Italian: porre
- Occitan: pónder, pondre
- Portuguese: pôr
- Romanian: pune, punere
- Sardinian: pòniri, pònnere, pònni, pònniri
- Sicilian: pùniri
- Spanish: poner
- Venetian: poner, ponder, pondar
- Walloon: ponre
References
- “pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pono in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to offer a prize (for the winner): praemium ponere
- to set up a statue in some one's honour: statuam alicui ponere, constituere
- to apply oneself zealously, diligently to a thing: studium, industriam (not diligentiam) collocare, ponere in aliqua re
- to throw doubt upon a thing: in dubio ponere
- to cite a person or a thing as an example: aliquem (aliquid) exempli causa ponere, proferre, nominare, commemorare
- it is a debated point whether... or..: in contentione ponitur, utrum...an
- to bring a thing vividly before the eyes: ante oculos ponere aliquid
- to give a general idea of a thing: in uno conspectu ponere aliquid
- to make a short survey of a thing: in brevi conspectu ponere aliquid
- to publish, make public: in medio ponere (proponere)
- to propose, set a theme: ponere
- to set some one a theme for discussion: ponere alicui, de quo disputet
- to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
- to propose a subject of debate, put a question: quaestionem ponere, proponere
- to lay down a book (vid. sect. XII. 3, note vestem deponere...): librum de manibus ponere
- to set one's hope on some one: spem suam ponere, collocare in aliquo
- to put confidence in some one: fiduciam in aliquo ponere, collocare
- to consider virtue the highest good: summum bonum in virtute ponere
- to place some one in ambush: aliquem in insidiis locare, collocare, ponere
- to undress: vestem ponere (exuere)
- to set food before a person: cibum apponere, ponere alicui
- to consider a thing as profit: in lucro ponere aliquid (Flacc. 17. 40)
- to pile arms (cf. sect. XII. 3, note vestem deponere...): arma ponere (not deponere)
- to place a close line of sentry-posts: vigilias crebras ponere (Sall. Iug. 45. 2)
- to encamp: castra ponere, locare
- (ambiguous) to be favourably situated: opportuno loco situm or positum esse
- (ambiguous) to fail to see what lies before one: quod ante pedes est or positum est, non videre
- (ambiguous) to depend upon a thing: positum, situm esse in aliqua re
- (ambiguous) to be in a person's power: in manu, in potestate alicuius situm, positum esse
- (ambiguous) to consider a thing beneath one's dignity: aliquid infra se ducere or infra se positum arbitrari
- (ambiguous) it is a matter of conjecture, supposition: aliquid in coniectura positum est
- (ambiguous) we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
- (ambiguous) to occupy a very high position in the state: in altissimo dignitatis gradu collocatum, locatum, positum esse
- to offer a prize (for the winner): praemium ponere
Further reading
- “pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Maori
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *pono, from Proto-Oceanic *bonor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bənər (compare with Malay benar).
Noun
pono
- truth, non-fiction, validity
- Kua kitea e mātou te pono o aua kupu.
- We have seen the truth of those words.
- Kua kitea e mātou te pono o aua kupu.
Adjective
pono
- true, valid, honest, genuine, sincere
- Mehemea he pono te aroha o te tangata ki te wahine, o te wahine rānei ki te tāne, e kore rawa e mātoke, ahakoa whakararurarutia e ngā whanaunga engari ka kaha kē atu.
- If a man truly loves a woman, or vice versa, it will not go cold, and despite problems caused by relatives it will become stronger.
- Mehemea he pono te aroha o te tangata ki te wahine, o te wahine rānei ki te tāne, e kore rawa e mātoke, ahakoa whakararurarutia e ngā whanaunga engari ka kaha kē atu.
Polish
Etymology
Contraction of podobno.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɔ.nɔ/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔnɔ
- Syllabification: po‧no
Particle
pono
- (archaic) apparently, reputedly, supposedly
- Synonyms: podobno, ponoć
Further reading
- pono in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- pono in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Verb
pono
- Eye dialect spelling of pondo, representing Northeast Brazil Portuguese.