مثال
Arabic
Etymology
From the root م ث ل (m-ṯ-l). Compare Hebrew מָשָׁל (“example, allegory”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mi.θaːl/
Noun
مِثَال • (miṯāl) m (plural أَمْثِلَة (ʾamṯila) or مُثُل (muṯul) or مُثْل (muṯl))
- verbal noun of مَاثَلَ (māṯala) (form III)
- resemblance, anything equal or similar
- image, type, model, example, specimen
- pattern, standard
- form, formula, formulary
- simile, allegory, parable, fable, tale
- vision in a dream
- manner, method
- definite quantity
- order, command, written order
- retaliation
- (grammar) assimilated verb (beginning with و (w) or ي (y))
- bed, carpet
Declension
Declension of noun مِثَال (miṯāl)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | مِثَال miṯāl | الْمِثَال al-miṯāl | مِثَال miṯāl |
| Nominative | مِثَالٌ miṯālun | الْمِثَالُ al-miṯālu | مِثَالُ miṯālu |
| Accusative | مِثَالًا miṯālan | الْمِثَالَ al-miṯāla | مِثَالَ miṯāla |
| Genitive | مِثَالٍ miṯālin | الْمِثَالِ al-miṯāli | مِثَالِ miṯāli |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | مِثَالَيْن miṯālayn | الْمِثَالَيْن al-miṯālayn | مِثَالَيْ miṯālay |
| Nominative | مِثَالَانِ miṯālāni | الْمِثَالَانِ al-miṯālāni | مِثَالَا miṯālā |
| Accusative | مِثَالَيْنِ miṯālayni | الْمِثَالَيْنِ al-miṯālayni | مِثَالَيْ miṯālay |
| Genitive | مِثَالَيْنِ miṯālayni | الْمِثَالَيْنِ al-miṯālayni | مِثَالَيْ miṯālay |
| Plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَمْثِلَة; مُثُل; مُثْل ʾamṯila; muṯul; muṯl | الْأَمْثِلَة; الْمُثُل; الْمُثْل al-ʾamṯila; al-muṯul; al-muṯl | أَمْثِلَة; مُثُل; مُثْل ʾamṯilat; muṯul; muṯl |
| Nominative | أَمْثِلَةٌ; مُثُلٌ; مُثْلٌ ʾamṯilatun; muṯulun; muṯlun | الْأَمْثِلَةُ; الْمُثُلُ; الْمُثْلُ al-ʾamṯilatu; al-muṯulu; al-muṯlu | أَمْثِلَةُ; مُثُلُ; مُثْلُ ʾamṯilatu; muṯulu; muṯlu |
| Accusative | أَمْثِلَةً; مُثُلًا; مُثْلًا ʾamṯilatan; muṯulan; muṯlan | الْأَمْثِلَةَ; الْمُثُلَ; الْمُثْلَ al-ʾamṯilata; al-muṯula; al-muṯla | أَمْثِلَةَ; مُثُلَ; مُثْلَ ʾamṯilata; muṯula; muṯla |
| Genitive | أَمْثِلَةٍ; مُثُلٍ; مُثْلٍ ʾamṯilatin; muṯulin; muṯlin | الْأَمْثِلَةِ; الْمُثُلِ; الْمُثْلِ al-ʾamṯilati; al-muṯuli; al-muṯli | أَمْثِلَةِ; مُثُلِ; مُثْلِ ʾamṯilati; muṯuli; muṯli |
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: misal
- → Baluchi: مثال (misál)
- → Hijazi Arabic: مثال (miṯāl)
- → Malay: misal
- → Persian: مثال (mesâl)
- → Turkish: misal
References
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “مثال”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “مثل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Baluchi
Etymology
From Arabic مِثَال (miṯāl).
Noun
مثال • (misál)
- example
See also
- نمونہ (namuna)
Hijazi Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic مِثَال (miṯāl).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /miˈθaːl/
- IPA(key): /miˈsaːl/ (speakers with full /θ/ and /s/ merger)
Noun
مثال • (miṯāl) m (plural أمثلة (amṯila))
- example, model, specimen
See also
- مَثَل (maṯal, “proverb, saying”)
Persian
Etymology
From Arabic مِثَال (miṯāl).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /misɑːl/
- (Dari Persian) IPA(key): /mɪsɑːl/
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /mesɒːl/
- (Tajik) IPA(key): /misɔl/
Noun
| Dari | مثال |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | мисол (misol) |
مثال • (mesâl) (plural مثال‌ها (mesâl-hâ))
- example
- برای مثال ― barâ-ye mesâl ― for example
- parable
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, Reynold A. Nicholson, transl., مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume IV, verse 456:
- این مثال جان حیوانی بود / نه مثال جان ربانی بود
- in mesâl-e jân-e heyvâni bovad / na mesâl-e jân-e rabbâni bovad
- This is a parable of the animal soul, not a parable of the divine soul.
-
- resemblance, likeness
- c. 1260, ʿAṭā-Malik Juwaynī, John Andrew Boyle, transl., تاریخ جهانگشای [History of the World-Conqueror]:
- بحقیقت آن موضع واسطت مملکت ایشان است بر مثال مرکز و دایره.
- be-haqiqat ân mowze' vâsetat-e mamlakat-e išân ast bar mesâl-e markaz va dâyere.
- Indeed, that [home]land is the middle of their empire, like center and circle.
-
- (archaic) order, command, especially written order
- 11th century, Abu'l-Fażl Bayhaqi, Ali-Akbar Fayyaz, editor, Tarikh-i Bayhaqi, page 82:
- من رفتم سوی هرات، و چنان گمان می‌برم که دیدارِ من با تو و با خانگیان با قیامت افتاده است، از آن بود که در هر بابی مثالی نبود.
- man raftam suy-e herât, va čonân gomân mi-baram ke didâr-e man bâ to va bâ xânegiyân bâ qiyâmat oftâde ast, az ân bovad ke dar har bâb-i mesâl-i na-bovad.
- I started leaving for Herat, and I conjecture that I would visit you and the relatives in the judgment day [I would be killed], that is why there is not an order [I am not issuing order] for every matter.
-