سوف

سوف

See also: شوق‎, سوق‎, and شوف‎

Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Aramaic סוֹף‎ / ܣܘܦ‎ (sōp̄, “end”),[1] which was used in various adverbal uses such as “after”, “in the end”. Compare the same word pervading the Hebrew language as סוֹף‎ (sōp̄, “end”) in her later usage.

From the Arabic particle, it was natural to form a form II verb “to put off in the future”, said of someone who commits to do something (سَوْفَ أَفْعُلُ (sawfa ʾafʿulu, “I will do”), and less well-known form I سَافَ‎ (sāfa) meaning “to endure” and “to smell” as sensory anticipation, whence ”to hunt”, and form III سَاوِفَ‎ (sāwifa, “to smell; to say in private; to compress, to go in unto”), and notably مَسَافَة‎ (masāfa, “distance, interval”).

Particle

سَوْفَ • (sawfa)

1. added to an imperfect (present) verb form to express future tense: will

   ‏يَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا، سَوْفَ يَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا‎

   yaqraʾu kitāban, sawfa yaqraʾu kitāban

   He is reading a book, he will read a book.

Synonyms

• سَـ‎ (sa-)

Antonyms

• لَنْ‎ (lan)

Verb

سَوَّفَ • (sawwafa) II, non-past يُسَوِّفُ‎‎ (yusawwifu)

1. to postpone, delay, procrastinate, to put off a person or thing
2. (obsolete) to commission to, to charge

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَوَّفَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَسْوِيف‎ taswīf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُسَوِّف‎ musawwif
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُسَوَّف‎ musawwaf
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَوَّفْتُ‎ sawwaftu	سَوَّفْتَ‎ sawwafta	سَوَّفَ sawwafa		سَوَّفْتُمَا‎ sawwaftumā	سَوَّفَا‎ sawwafā		سَوَّفْنَا‎ sawwafnā	سَوَّفْتُمْ‎ sawwaftum	سَوَّفُوا‎ sawwafū
	f		سَوَّفْتِ‎ sawwafti	سَوَّفَتْ‎ sawwafat			سَوَّفَتَا‎ sawwafatā			سَوَّفْتُنَّ‎ sawwaftunna	سَوَّفْنَ‎ sawwafna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَوِّفُ‎ ʾusawwifu	تُسَوِّفُ‎ tusawwifu	يُسَوِّفُ‎ yusawwifu		تُسَوِّفَانِ‎ tusawwifāni	يُسَوِّفَانِ‎ yusawwifāni		نُسَوِّفُ‎ nusawwifu	تُسَوِّفُونَ‎ tusawwifūna	يُسَوِّفُونَ‎ yusawwifūna
	f		تُسَوِّفِينَ‎ tusawwifīna	تُسَوِّفُ‎ tusawwifu			تُسَوِّفَانِ‎ tusawwifāni			تُسَوِّفْنَ‎ tusawwifna	يُسَوِّفْنَ‎ yusawwifna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَوِّفَ‎ ʾusawwifa	تُسَوِّفَ‎ tusawwifa	يُسَوِّفَ‎ yusawwifa		تُسَوِّفَا‎ tusawwifā	يُسَوِّفَا‎ yusawwifā		نُسَوِّفَ‎ nusawwifa	تُسَوِّفُوا‎ tusawwifū	يُسَوِّفُوا‎ yusawwifū
	f		تُسَوِّفِي‎ tusawwifī	تُسَوِّفَ‎ tusawwifa			تُسَوِّفَا‎ tusawwifā			تُسَوِّفْنَ‎ tusawwifna	يُسَوِّفْنَ‎ yusawwifna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَوِّفْ‎ ʾusawwif	تُسَوِّفْ‎ tusawwif	يُسَوِّفْ‎ yusawwif		تُسَوِّفَا‎ tusawwifā	يُسَوِّفَا‎ yusawwifā		نُسَوِّفْ‎ nusawwif	تُسَوِّفُوا‎ tusawwifū	يُسَوِّفُوا‎ yusawwifū
	f		تُسَوِّفِي‎ tusawwifī	تُسَوِّفْ‎ tusawwif			تُسَوِّفَا‎ tusawwifā			تُسَوِّفْنَ‎ tusawwifna	يُسَوِّفْنَ‎ yusawwifna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سَوِّفْ sawwif			سَوِّفَا‎ sawwifā				سَوِّفُوا‎ sawwifū
	f		سَوِّفِي‎ sawwifī							سَوِّفْنَ‎ sawwifna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُوِّفْتُ‎ suwwiftu	سُوِّفْتَ‎ suwwifta	سُوِّفَ suwwifa		سُوِّفْتُمَا‎ suwwiftumā	سُوِّفَا‎ suwwifā		سُوِّفْنَا‎ suwwifnā	سُوِّفْتُمْ‎ suwwiftum	سُوِّفُوا‎ suwwifū
	f		سُوِّفْتِ‎ suwwifti	سُوِّفَتْ‎ suwwifat			سُوِّفَتَا‎ suwwifatā			سُوِّفْتُنَّ‎ suwwiftunna	سُوِّفْنَ‎ suwwifna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَوَّفُ‎ ʾusawwafu	تُسَوَّفُ‎ tusawwafu	يُسَوَّفُ‎ yusawwafu		تُسَوَّفَانِ‎ tusawwafāni	يُسَوَّفَانِ‎ yusawwafāni		نُسَوَّفُ‎ nusawwafu	تُسَوَّفُونَ‎ tusawwafūna	يُسَوَّفُونَ‎ yusawwafūna
	f		تُسَوَّفِينَ‎ tusawwafīna	تُسَوَّفُ‎ tusawwafu			تُسَوَّفَانِ‎ tusawwafāni			تُسَوَّفْنَ‎ tusawwafna	يُسَوَّفْنَ‎ yusawwafna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَوَّفَ‎ ʾusawwafa	تُسَوَّفَ‎ tusawwafa	يُسَوَّفَ‎ yusawwafa		تُسَوَّفَا‎ tusawwafā	يُسَوَّفَا‎ yusawwafā		نُسَوَّفَ‎ nusawwafa	تُسَوَّفُوا‎ tusawwafū	يُسَوَّفُوا‎ yusawwafū
	f		تُسَوَّفِي‎ tusawwafī	تُسَوَّفَ‎ tusawwafa			تُسَوَّفَا‎ tusawwafā			تُسَوَّفْنَ‎ tusawwafna	يُسَوَّفْنَ‎ yusawwafna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَوَّفْ‎ ʾusawwaf	تُسَوَّفْ‎ tusawwaf	يُسَوَّفْ‎ yusawwaf		تُسَوَّفَا‎ tusawwafā	يُسَوَّفَا‎ yusawwafā		نُسَوَّفْ‎ nusawwaf	تُسَوَّفُوا‎ tusawwafū	يُسَوَّفُوا‎ yusawwafū
	f		تُسَوَّفِي‎ tusawwafī	تُسَوَّفْ‎ tusawwaf			تُسَوَّفَا‎ tusawwafā			تُسَوَّفْنَ‎ tusawwafna	يُسَوَّفْنَ‎ yusawwafna

References

1. Haupt, Paul (1917), “Syriac sífṯâ, lip, and sáu̮pâ, end”, in Journal of the Society of Oriental Research‎, volume 1, page 92