hir
English
Etymology
Blend of him/his + her.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /hɪə(ɹ)/
- (US) enPR: hēr, IPA(key): /hiɹ/
- Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ), -iɹ
- Homophones: here, hear
Pronoun
hir (third-person singular, gender-neutral, objective case, reflexive hirself)
- (nonstandard) Them (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular object pronoun, coordinate with him and her.
- 1988, Carver, Jeffrey, From a Changeling Star, New York: Bantam Books, →ISBN, OL 7824150M, page 232:
- But once the disorientation had passed, hir forced hirself back to full consciousness--and worked quickly to establish hir position, and Ruskin's.
- 1996 June, Sullivan, Caitlin; Bornstein, Kate, Nearly Roadkill: an Infobahn erotic adventure, New York: Serpent's Tail, →ISBN, LCCN 95072971, OL 820831M, LCC PS3569.U3449 N43 1996, page 10:
- I don't know what Scratch looks like in the real world, I met hir online.
- 1997 December 18, Bornstein, Kate, My Gender Workbook: How to Become a Real Man, a Real Woman, the Real You, or Something Else Entirely, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, LCCN 98134184, OL 7495768M, LCC HQ1075.B69 1998, page 130:
- Words like "freak" became attached to hir name, and I don't believe "brave" was ever a word the media associated with hir.
- 2000 August 29, David, Peter, Renaissance (Star Trek New Frontier: Excalibur #10), Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, LCCN 2002555412, OL 3665551M, page 137:
- T'Pau leveled a gaze at hir. "You are male and female ... and neither. 'It' is the proper word. We have no use for semantic games on Vulcan."
-
Synonyms
- (singular) them
- (neologism) em, per
Hyponyms
- him, her
Derived terms
- (neologism) hirself
Determiner
hir
- (nonstandard) Belonging to hir, their (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular possessive adjective, coordinate with his and her.
- 1971 March 1, Alexander M. Mood, “Partitioning Variance in Multiple Regression Analyses as a Tool For Developing Learning Models”, in American Educational Research Journal, volume 8, number 2, American Educational Research Association, DOI: , page 192:
- Getting down to cases now, a child's learning, L, in the sixth grade will be a function of a number, say k, of variables X1 X2, X3, ... Xk representing hir (hir is an abbreviation for his or her and is pronounced here) previous education, motivation, rapport with teachers, peers' atitudes toward education, teachers' ability, and so on.
- 1988, Carver, Jeffrey, From a Changeling Star, New York: Bantam Books, →ISBN, OL 7824150M, page 232:
- But once the disorientation had passed, hir forced hirself back to full consciousness--and worked quickly to establish hir position, and Ruskin's.
- 1996 June, Sullivan, Caitlin; Bornstein, Kate, Nearly Roadkill: an Infobahn erotic adventure, New York: Serpent's Tail, →ISBN, LCCN 95072971, OL 820831M, LCC PS3569.U3449 N43 1996, page 13:
- It is here that Scratch has found hirself, bored out of hir mind but unable to sleep.
- 2002, Schaap, Frank, The Words That Took Us There: Ethnography in a Virtual Reality, Amsterdam: Aksant Academic Publishers, →ISBN, OL 17062341M, page 32:
- The player playing hir character in a MUD (usually) tries to portray a credible, convincing person within the theme of that world, using the tools that MUD provides, hir imagination, and hir social and communicative skills.
- 2011 March 29, Norton, Jody, “Transchildren and the Discipline of Children's Literature”, in Kenneth B. Kidd and Michelle Ann Abate, editors, Over the Rainbow: Queer Children's and Young Adult Literature, University of Michigan, →ISBN, LCC PS374.H63 O84 2011, page 305:
- "It's a scientific matter," Ludo announces, explaining hir very out transgender behavior (an ongoing source of embarrassment to hir would-be upwardly mobile parents) as the result of hir other X chromosome's having accidentally fallen into the trash on its way down from heaven.
- 2011 May 19, Wickham, Ken, The Other Genders: Androgyne, Genderqueer, Non-Binary Gender Variant, CreateSpace, →ISBN, page 7:
- Sie may feel that hir actual identity of hir gender is supposed to be both/neither male or female, outside of gender, third gender, beyond gender, absence of gender, mixing gender, changing gender, or all genders.
-
Usage notes
A declension shared by several gender-neutral pronoun schema. Subjective forms associated with hir include s/he, sie, shi, and ze. For additional considerations regarding use among members of the genderqueer community, see usage notes for ze.
Synonyms
- (singular) their
- (neologism) eir
Hyponyms
- his, her
Derived terms
- (neologism) hirs
See also
- other attested gender-neutral pronouns
Anagrams
- IHR
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *skīra, from Proto-Indo-European *sḱiH-ro- (“to dim, shimmer”) (compare German schier (“pure, clear”), Polish szczery (“sincere, earnest”), Ancient Greek σκῖρον (skîron, “parasol”)).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hiːɾ/
Noun
hir m (indefinite plural hire, definite singular hiri, definite plural hiret)
- kindness, favor, sake
- willingness, goodwill
- beauty, grace, charm, dignity
- (religious) heavenly grace
Derived terms
- hire
- hirës
- hirësi
- hirësisht
- hirmadh
- hiroj
- hirplotë
References
- Orel, Vladimir (1998), “hir”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 148
Aromanian
Alternative forms
- hjir, hiru
Etymology
From Latin fīlum. Compare Daco-Romanian fir.
Noun
hir n (plural hiri or hire)
- thread
Derived terms
- hirush
- nhiric
Related terms
- nhir
Baure
Alternative forms
- jir
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hir/
Noun
hir
- man
Breton
Etymology
From Middle Breton hir, from Proto-Brythonic *hir, from Proto-Celtic *sīros.
Adjective
hir
- long
Antonyms
- berr
Burushaski
Noun
hir (plural huri)
- man (clarification of this definition is needed)
Latin
Alternative forms
- ir
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *hezros, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰésr̥. Cognate with Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /hir/, [hɪr]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ir/, [ir]
Noun
hir n sg (indeclinable, no genitive)
- (rare, anatomy) hand
Declension
Not declined; used only in the nominative and accusative singular, singular only.
Case | Singular |
---|---|
Nominative | hir |
Genitive | — |
Dative | — |
Accusative | hir |
Ablative | — |
Vocative | — |
Synonyms
- (hand): manus
References
- “hir”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- hir in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Luxembourgish
Etymology
From Old High German ira, from Proto-Germanic *hezōi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hiːʀ/, [ˈhiː.ɐ], [hiə̯]
- Homophone: hier
Pronoun
hir
- third-person feminine singular, dative: her, to her
- Ech schreiwen hir e Bréif
- I'm writing her a letter
- Ech schreiwen hir e Bréif
Declension
nominative | accusative | dative | reflexive | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | ||||
1st person singular | ech | — | mech | — | mir | mer | like dat. and acc. | ||
2nd person singular (informal) | du | de | dech | — | dir | der | like dat. and acc. | ||
2nd person singular (formal) | Dir | Der | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | ||
3rd person singular | m | hien | en | hien | en | him | em | sech | |
f | si | se | si | se | hir | er | sech | ||
n | hatt | et ('t) | hatt | et ('t) | him | em | sech | ||
1st person plural | mir | mer | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | ||
2nd person plural | dir | der | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | ||
3rd person plural | si | se | si | se | hinnen | en | sech |
Pronoun
hir
- third-person singular feminine possessive, feminine object, nominative: her
- third-person singular feminine possessive, plural object, nominative: her
- third-person singular feminine possessive, feminine object, accusative: her
- third-person singular feminine possessive, plural object, accusative: her
- third-person plural possessive, feminine object, nominative: their
- third-person plural possessive, plural object, nominative: their
- third-person plural possessive, feminine object, accusative: their
- third-person plural possessive, plural object, accusative: their
Declension
nominative / accusative | dative | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
1st person singular | mäin | meng | mäin | meng | mengem | menger | mengem | mengen |
2nd person singular (informal) | däin | deng | däin | deng | dengem | denger | dengem | dengen |
2nd person singular (formal) | Ären | Är | Äert | Är | Ärem | Ärer | Ärem | Ären |
3rd person singular (m/n) | säin | seng | säin | seng | sengem | senger | sengem | sengen |
3rd person singular (f) | hiren | hir | hiert | hir | hirem | hirer | hirem | hiren |
1st person plural | eisen | eis | eist | eis | eisem | eiser | eisem | eisen |
2nd person plural | ären | är | äert | är | ärem | ärer | ärem | ären |
3rd person plural | hiren | hir | hiert | hir | hirem | hirer | hirem | hiren |
Middle English
Determiner
hir
- Alternative form of hire (“her”)
Pronoun
hir
- Alternative form of hire (“hers”)
Pronoun
hir
- Alternative form of hire (“her”)
Noun
hir
- Alternative form of hire (“wages”)
Portuguese
Verb
hir (first-person singular present indicative vou, past participle hido)
- Obsolete spelling of ir
Conjugation
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xîːr/
Noun
hȋr m (Cyrillic spelling хи̑р)
- whim, caprice
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | hȋr | hírovi |
genitive | hira | hirova |
dative | hiru | hirovima |
accusative | hir | hirove |
vocative | hire | hirovi |
locative | hiru | hirovima |
instrumental | hirom | hirovima |
Sumerian
Romanization
hir
- Romanization of 𒆟 (ḫir)
Welsh
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hiːr/
- Rhymes: -iːr
Etymology 1
From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh hir, from Proto-Brythonic *hir, from Proto-Celtic *sīros.
Adjective
hir (feminine singular hir, plural hirion, equative cyhyd, comparative hwy or hirach, superlative hwyaf or hiraf, not mutable)
- long
- Mae gynni hi wallt hir.
- She has long hair.
- Roedd y daith yn hir iawn.
- The journey was very long.
- Synonyms: hirfaith, llaes, maith
- Antonyms: byr, cwta
Derived terms
- hiraeth (“longing”)
- hirgrwn (“oval”)
- hirsgwar (“rectangle, oblong”)
Adjective
hir
- h-prothesized form of ir
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hir”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
ir | unchanged | unchanged | hir |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |