ایل

ایل

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ēl (“realm”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰃𐰠‎ (é̄l), Azerbaijani el, Bashkir ил (il), Chuvash ял (jal), Kazakh ел (el), Kyrgyz эл (el), Tatar ил (il), Turkmen īl, Uyghur ئەل‎ (el) and Uzbek el.

Noun

ایل • (il)

1. (originally) any other person that one's self, others, other people
2. any person or persons other than one's own household, tribe, or nation, strangers
3. tribe, people, or nation; especially a subdivision of a large tribe called ulus
4. the country of any particular tribe, or ruled over by any particular man or dynasty

   Synonyms: اولكا‎ (ülke), دولت‎ (devlet)

Descendants

• Gagauz: iel
• Turkish: il, el

Coordinate terms

• اوروق‎ (uruk, “clan, subdivision of a tribe”)
• اولوس‎ (ulus, “a large tribe”)
• اویماق‎ (oymak, “sept of a tribe”)
• بوی‎ (boy, “tribe, clan”)

 

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “il1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2132
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “ایل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 223
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Regio”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1452
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “ایل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 604
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “il”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ایل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 302

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Persian

Etymology 1

From a Turkic language, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *ēl.

Noun

ایل • (il) (plural ایلات‎ (ilât) or ایل‌ها‎ (il-hâ))

1. clan
2. tribe

Derived terms

• ایلی‎

Etymology 2

From either Azerbaijani il (“year”) or Ottoman Turkish ییل‎ (yıl, “year”).

Noun

ایل • (il)

1. year (used only in Turkic year names)

Etymology 3

From Arabic أُيَّل‎ (ʾuyyal).

Noun

ایل • (oyyal)

1. (Classical Persian) deer, stag