χάραξ
Ancient Greek
Etymology
The formation is similar to κάμαξ (kámax) and πίναξ (pínax). The connection with Lithuanian žerti (“to scrape”) does not explain the Greek formation. In view of the suffix, the word is most probably Pre-Greek.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kʰá.raks/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkʰa.raks/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈxa.raks/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈxa.raks/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈxa.raks/
Noun
χάραξ • (khárax) m or f (genitive χάρᾰκος); third declension
- pointed stake
- pole, vine prop
- Synonym: κάμαξ (kámax)
- pale used in fortifying the entrenchments of a camp
- palisade
- Synonym: σκόλοψ (skólops)
- cutting, slip
- a kind of bream of the genus Sargus
- name of a bandage
Inflection
Third declension of ὁ, ἡ χᾰ́ρᾰξ; τοῦ, τῆς χᾰ́ρᾰκος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ, ἡ χᾰ́ρᾰξ ho, hē khárax | τὼ χᾰ́ρᾰκε tṑ khárake | οἱ, αἱ χᾰ́ρᾰκες hoi, hai khárakes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ, τῆς χᾰ́ρᾰκος toû, tês khárakos | τοῖν χᾰρᾰ́κοιν toîn kharákoin | τῶν χᾰρᾰ́κων tôn kharákōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ, τῇ χᾰ́ρᾰκῐ tôi, têi kháraki | τοῖν χᾰρᾰ́κοιν toîn kharákoin | τοῖς, ταῖς χᾰ́ρᾰξῐ / χᾰ́ρᾰξῐν toîs, taîs kháraxi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν, τὴν χᾰ́ρᾰκᾰ tòn, tḕn kháraka | τὼ χᾰ́ρᾰκε tṑ khárake | τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς χᾰ́ρᾰκᾰς toùs, tā̀s khárakas | ||||||||||
Vocative | χᾰ́ρᾰξ khárax | χᾰ́ρᾰκε khárake | χᾰ́ρᾰκες khárakes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- χαρακίας (kharakías)
- χαρακίζω (kharakízō)
- χαρακίτης (kharakítēs)
- χαρακοβολία (kharakobolía)
- χαρακόω (kharakóō)
- ὠμοχάραξ (ōmokhárax)
Further reading
- χάραξ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- χάραξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill