τράφηξ
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- τράπηξ (trápēx), τρόφηξ (tróphēx)
Etymology
The formation is like πήληξ (pḗlēx), ὄρπηξ (órpēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The word is usually connected to Latin trabs (“beam”).
According to Beekes, the suffix and the presence of variations show that the word is from Pre-Greek. Furnée also compares τράμπις (trámpis, “foreign ship”), in which case we have a prenasalized variant as well.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /trá.pʰɛːks/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtra.pʰe̝ks/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈtra.ɸiks/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈtra.fiks/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈtra.fiks/
Noun
τράφηξ • (tráphēx) m (genitive τράφηκος); third declension
- beam in framework of helepolis
- baker's board
- handle of an oar
- gunwale on which the rowlocks are fixed
Inflection
Third declension of ὁ τράφηξ; τοῦ τράφηκος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ τράφηξ ho tráphēx | τὼ τράφηκε tṑ tráphēke | οἱ τράφηκες hoi tráphēkes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ τράφηκος toû tráphēkos | τοῖν τραφήκοιν toîn traphḗkoin | τῶν τραφήκων tôn traphḗkōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ τράφηκῐ tôi tráphēki | τοῖν τραφήκοιν toîn traphḗkoin | τοῖς τράφηξῐ / τράφηξῐν toîs tráphēxi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν τράφηκᾰ tòn tráphēka | τὼ τράφηκε tṑ tráphēke | τοὺς τράφηκᾰς toùs tráphēkas | ||||||||||
Vocative | τράφηξ tráphēx | τράφηκε tráphēke | τράφηκες tráphēkes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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References
- “τράφηξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- τράφηξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN