καρωτίδες

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κᾰρόω (karóō, “to plunge into deep sleep or torpor”) +‎ -τῐ́δες (-tídes, plural nominal suffix), from the fact that the carotid artery supplies blood to the brain, and interruption of this flow causes loss of consciousness.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.rɔː.tí.des/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ka.roˈti.des/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.roˈti.ðes/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.roˈti.ðes/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.roˈti.ðes/

Noun

κᾰρωτῐ́δες • (karōtídes) f pl (genitive κᾰρωτῐ́δων); third declension

(anatomy) carotid arteries

Inflection

Third declension of αἱ κᾰρωτῐ́δες; τῶν κᾰρωτῐ́δων (Attic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	αἱ κᾰρωτῐ́δες hai karōtídes
Genitive	τῶν κᾰρωτῐ́δων tôn karōtídōn
Dative	ταῖς κᾰρωτῐ́σῐ / κᾰρωτῐ́σῐν taîs karōtísi(n)
Accusative	τᾱ̀ς κᾰρωτῐ́δᾰς tā̀s karōtídas
Vocative	κᾰρωτῐ́δες karōtídes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Descendants

→ New Latin: carōtides
- → English: carotid
- → French: carotide

References

“καρωτίδες”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press