Εἵλως
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- Εἱλώτης (Heilṓtēs)
Etymology
Perhaps from ἁλίσκομαι (halískomai, “to be captured, to be made prisoner”), but it has also been linked to Ἕλος (Hélos), a Laconian town whose inhabitants were enslaved.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hěː.lɔːs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)i.los/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈi.los/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈi.los/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈi.los/
Noun
Εἵλως • (Heílōs) m (genitive Εἵλωτος); third declension
- a helot
Inflection
Third declension of ὁ Εἵλως; τοῦ Εἵλωτος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ Εἵλως ho Heílōs | τὼ Εἵλωτε tṑ Heílōte | οἱ Εἵλωτες hoi Heílōtes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ Εἵλωτος toû Heílōtos | τοῖν Εἱλώτοιν toîn Heilṓtoin | τῶν Εἱλώτων tôn Heilṓtōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ Εἵλωτῐ tôi Heílōti | τοῖν Εἱλώτοιν toîn Heilṓtoin | τοῖς Εἵλωσῐ / Εἵλωσῐν toîs Heílōsi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν Εἵλωτᾰ tòn Heílōta | τὼ Εἵλωτε tṑ Heílōte | τοὺς Εἵλωτᾰς toùs Heílōtas | ||||||||||
Vocative | Εἵλως Heílōs | Εἵλωτε Heílōte | Εἵλωτες Heílōtes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- Εἱλωτικός (Heilōtikós)
Descendants
- English: helot
- Greek: Είλως (Eílos), Είλωτας (Eílotas)
- Russian: ило́т (ilót)
References
- “Εἵλως”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Εἵλως”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Εἵλως in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,012