βράγχος
See also: βραγχός and Βράγχος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- βάραγχος (bárankhos), βράγχη (bránkhē)
Etymology
The resemblance with βρόγχος (brónkhos, “windpipe”) may have caused the semantic shift of βράγχιον (bránkhion, “fin; gill”). Furnée connects the word with βραχώδης (brakhṓdēs, “rough, harsh”), βρακίας (brakías, “rough places”) and βαρακινῇσιν (barakinêisin, “thorns, palisade”). This shows a set of variants βρακ-/βραχ-/βραγχ- which are typical of Pre-Greek. The additional -α- in the first syllable of βάραγχος (bárankhos) may be due to purely phonetic epenthesis, but this type of variation, too, is frequent in Pre-Greek words as well.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bráŋ.kʰos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈbraŋ.kʰos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈβraŋ.xos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈvraŋ.xos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈvraŋ.xos/
Noun
βρᾰ́γχος • (bránkhos) m (genitive βρᾰ́γχου); second declension
- hoarseness or sore throat causing it
- (pathology) kind of disease of swine, either anthrax or foot-and-mouth disease
Inflection
Second declension of ὁ βρᾰ́γχος; τοῦ βρᾰ́γχου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ βρᾰ́γχος ho bránkhos | τὼ βρᾰ́γχω tṑ bránkhō | οἱ βρᾰ́γχοι hoi bránkhoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ βρᾰ́γχου toû bránkhou | τοῖν βρᾰ́γχοιν toîn bránkhoin | τῶν βρᾰ́γχων tôn bránkhōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ βρᾰ́γχῳ tôi bránkhōi | βρᾰ́γχοιν bránkhoin | τοῖς βρᾰ́γχοις toîs bránkhois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν βρᾰ́γχον tòn bránkhon | βρᾰ́γχω bránkhō | τοὺς βρᾰ́γχους toùs bránkhous | ||||||||||
Vocative | βρᾰ́γχε bránkhe | βρᾰ́γχω bránkhō | βρᾰ́γχοι bránkhoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- βραγχαλέος (brankhaléos)
- βραγχάω (brankháō)
- βραγχεία (brankheía)
- βραγχοειδής (brankhoeidḗs)
- βραγχός (brankhós)
- βραγχώδης (brankhṓdēs)
Further reading
- βράγχος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- βράγχος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- βράγχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- βράγχος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2020)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN