vós
See also: vos, VOS, vôs, vô, voš, -vos, and v. o. s.
Asturian
Etymology
From Latin vōs.
Pronoun
vós
- you (subject pronoun: the group being addressed)
Synonyms
- vosotros masculine plural, vosotres feminine plural
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈvos/
- (Central) IPA(key): /ˈbos/
- Rhymes: -os
Pronoun
vós (strong)
- you
Usage notes
- Vós is a polite form, used when addressing a single person. It is used with the second person plural form of the verb. (Compare the polite usage of vous in French.)
Declension
Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject | weak (direct object) | weak (indirect object) | possessive | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | proclitic | enclitic | proclitic | enclitic | ||||
1st person | jo, mi3 | em, m’ | -me, ’m | em, m’ | -me, ’m | meu | ||
1st person majestic1 | nós | ens | -nos, ’ns | ens | -nos, ’ns | nostre | ||
2nd person | tu | et, t’ | -te, ’t | et, t’ | -te, ’t | teu | ||
2nd person formal1 | vós | us | -vos, -us | us | -vos, -us | vostre | ||
2nd person very formal2 | vostè | el, l’ | -lo, ’l | li | -li | seu | ||
3rd person masculine | ell | el, l’ | -lo, ’l | li | -li | seu | ||
3rd person feminine | ella | la, l’4 | -la | li | -li | seu | ||
3rd person neuter | ho | -ho | li | -li | seu | |||
3rd person reflexive | si | es, s’ | -se, ’s | es, s’ | -se, ’s | seu | ||
plural | ||||||||
1st person | nosaltres | ens | -nos, ’ns | ens | -nos, ’ns | nostre | ||
2nd person | vosaltres | us | -vos, -us | us | -vos, -us | vostre | ||
2nd person formal2 | vostès | els | -los, ’ls | els | -los, ’ls | seu | ||
3rd person masculine | ells | els | -los, ’ls | els | -los, ’ls | seu | ||
3rd person feminine | elles | les | -les | els | -los, ’ls | seu | ||
3rd person reflexive | si | es, s’ | -se, ’s | es, s’ | -se, ’s | seu | ||
adverbial | ||||||||
ablative/genitive | en, n’ | -ne, ’n | ||||||
locative | hi | -hi | ||||||
1) Behaves grammatically as plural. 2) Behaves grammatically as third person. | 3) Only as object of a preposition. 4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-. |
See also
- tu
- vostè
- vos
- vosaltres
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese vos, from Latin vōs.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbɔs]
Pronoun
vós (accusative vos, dative vos)
- second-person plural nominative personal pronoun; you
- Synonyms: vosoutros, vostedes
- (dated, dialectal) thou, thee (an elevated form of you, singular)
- 1310, E. Portela Silva (ed.), La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV. Santiago: Tip. El Eco Franciscano, page 384:
- De min dom ffernan ffernandez de Lima A vos Pero viçente de Martin meu omme Saude
- From me Don Fernán Fernández de Limia to thee Pedro Vicente de Martín, my man, hail
- De min dom ffernan ffernandez de Lima A vos Pero viçente de Martin meu omme Saude
- 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
- An que me trataches bén
- si'ávesita non pagàs
- dou ò demo pè ala poño
- nin me alembro de vòs màis.
- Although thou treated me well
- If the visit thou don't pay [lit. you (plural) don't pay]
- No way I'm putting a feet there
- Or remembering thee anymore
- Synonym: vostede
- 1310, E. Portela Silva (ed.), La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV. Santiago: Tip. El Eco Franciscano, page 384:
Usage notes
When vós is a polite form, addressing a single person, is used with the second person plural form of the verb. Compare the polite usage of vous in French and vós in Catalan.
Derived terms
- vola
- volas
- volo
- volos
Related terms
- convosco
- vosoutros
See also
- Appendix:Galician pronouns
References
- “vos” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “vos” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “vós” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “vós” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “vós” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈvɔ(j)s/ [ˈvɔ(ɪ̯)s]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈvɔ(j)ʃ/ [ˈvɔ(ɪ̯)ʃ]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈvɔʃ/
- (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): [ˈβɔʃ]
- Homophone: voz
- Hyphenation: vós
Etymology 1
From Old Portuguese vos, from Latin vōs, from Proto-Indo-European *wōs.
Pronoun
vós m pl or f pl by sense
- (formal, archaic, except for rural northern Portugal) you (second-person plural nominative and prepositional personal pronoun)
- Synonyms: vocês, os senhores
- Vós deveis fugir. ― You must flee.
- Tenho medo de vós. ― I am afraid of you.
- (religious, formal or poetic) you, thou (second-person singular nominative and prepositional pronoun used when addressing a deity, noble or certain powerful officials)
- Deus, vós sois a minha força.
- God, thou art my strength.
- Synonyms: tu, você, o senhor
Usage notes
- vós has almost fully been replaced by vocês, except in some rural dialects in Northern Portugal. Otherwise, it is an archaic and literary form.
Related terms
- vosso
- você
- vocês
See also
Portuguese personal pronouns (edit) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Person | Nominative (subject) | Accusative (direct object) | Dative (indirect object) | Prepositional | Prepositional with com | Non-declining | ||||||
m | f | m | f | m and f | m | f | m | f | m | f | |||
Singular | First | eu | me | mim | comigo | ||||||||
Second | tu | te | ti | contigo | você | ||||||||
o senhor | a senhora | ||||||||||||
Third | ele | ela | o (lo, no) | a (la, na) | lhe | ele | ela | com ele | com ela | o mesmo | a mesma | ||
se | si | consigo | |||||||||||
Plural | First | nós | nos | nós | connosco (Portugal) conosco (Brazil) | a gente | |||||||
Second | vós | vos | vós | convosco, com vós | vocês | ||||||||
os senhores | as senhoras | ||||||||||||
Third | eles | elas | os (los, nos) | as (las, nas) | lhes | eles | elas | com eles | com elas | os mesmos | as mesmas | ||
se | si | consigo | |||||||||||
Indefinite | se | si | consigo |
Noun
vós f
- plural of vó
Spanish
Pronoun
vós
- Obsolete spelling of vos