trastocar
Spanish
Etymology
From trastrocar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɾastoˈkaɾ/ [t̪ɾas.t̪oˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: tras‧to‧car
Verb
trastocar (first-person singular present trastoco, first-person singular preterite trastoqué, past participle trastocado)
- (transitive) to upset, unsettle
- Synonym: trastornar
- 2020 October 28, “Apple pretende desarrollar su propio buscador web para no depender de Google”, in El País:
- En los últimos días, la idea ha ganado fuerza gracias a la demanda antimonopolio presentada por el Departamento de Justicia de EE UU contra Google, que puede trastocar de lleno la relación que mantienen Apple y Google.
- In recent days, the idea has gained momentum thanks to the antitrust lawsuit filed by the US Department of Justice against Google, which may completely disrupt the relationship between Apple and Google.
Conjugation
Conjugation of trastocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | trastocar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | trastocando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | trastocado | trastocada | |||||
| plural | trastocados | trastocadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | trastoco | trastocastú trastocásvos | trastoca | trastocamos | trastocáis | trastocan | |
| imperfect | trastocaba | trastocabas | trastocaba | trastocábamos | trastocabais | trastocaban | |
| preterite | trastoqué | trastocaste | trastocó | trastocamos | trastocasteis | trastocaron | |
| future | trastocaré | trastocarás | trastocará | trastocaremos | trastocaréis | trastocarán | |
| conditional | trastocaría | trastocarías | trastocaría | trastocaríamos | trastocaríais | trastocarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | trastoque | trastoquestú trastoquésvos2 | trastoque | trastoquemos | trastoquéis | trastoquen | |
| imperfect (ra) | trastocara | trastocaras | trastocara | trastocáramos | trastocarais | trastocaran | |
| imperfect (se) | trastocase | trastocases | trastocase | trastocásemos | trastocaseis | trastocasen | |
| future1 | trastocare | trastocares | trastocare | trastocáremos | trastocareis | trastocaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | trastocatú trastocávos | trastoque | trastoquemos | trastocad | trastoquen | ||
| negative | no trastoques | no trastoque | no trastoquemos | no trastoquéis | no trastoquen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of trastocar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive trastocar | |||||||
| dative | trastocarme | trastocarte | trastocarle, trastocarse | trastocarnos | trastocaros | trastocarles, trastocarse | |
| accusative | trastocarme | trastocarte | trastocarlo, trastocarla, trastocarse | trastocarnos | trastocaros | trastocarlos, trastocarlas, trastocarse | |
| with gerund trastocando | |||||||
| dative | trastocándome | trastocándote | trastocándole, trastocándose | trastocándonos | trastocándoos | trastocándoles, trastocándose | |
| accusative | trastocándome | trastocándote | trastocándolo, trastocándola, trastocándose | trastocándonos | trastocándoos | trastocándolos, trastocándolas, trastocándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative trastoca | |||||||
| dative | trastócame | trastócate | trastócale | trastócanos | not used | trastócales | |
| accusative | trastócame | trastócate | trastócalo, trastócala | trastócanos | not used | trastócalos, trastócalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative trastocá | |||||||
| dative | trastocame | trastocate | trastocale | trastocanos | not used | trastocales | |
| accusative | trastocame | trastocate | trastocalo, trastocala | trastocanos | not used | trastocalos, trastocalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative trastoque | |||||||
| dative | trastóqueme | not used | trastóquele, trastóquese | trastóquenos | not used | trastóqueles | |
| accusative | trastóqueme | not used | trastóquelo, trastóquela, trastóquese | trastóquenos | not used | trastóquelos, trastóquelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative trastoquemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | trastoquémoste | trastoquémosle | trastoquémonos | trastoquémoos | trastoquémosles | |
| accusative | not used | trastoquémoste | trastoquémoslo, trastoquémosla | trastoquémonos | trastoquémoos | trastoquémoslos, trastoquémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative trastocad | |||||||
| dative | trastocadme | not used | trastocadle | trastocadnos | trastocaos | trastocadles | |
| accusative | trastocadme | not used | trastocadlo, trastocadla | trastocadnos | trastocaos | trastocadlos, trastocadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative trastoquen | |||||||
| dative | trastóquenme | not used | trastóquenle | trastóquennos | not used | trastóquenles, trastóquense | |
| accusative | trastóquenme | not used | trastóquenlo, trastóquenla | trastóquennos | not used | trastóquenlos, trastóquenlas, trastóquense | |
Further reading
- “trastocar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014