toga
English
Etymology
Borrowed directly from Latin toga, from tegō (“I clothe”). Doublet of toge.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈtəʊ.ɡə/
Audio (UK) (file) - (US) IPA(key): /ˈtoʊ.ɡə/
- Rhymes: -əʊɡə
Noun
toga (plural togas or togae or togæ)
- A loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome.
- 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], OCLC 1042815524, part I, page 196:
- Or think of a decent young citizen in a toga - perhaps too much dice, you know - coming out here in the train of some prefect, or tax-gatherer, or trader even, to mend his fortunes.
- A loose wrap gown.
- (Philippines) An academic gown.
Synonyms
- toge (obsolete)
Derived terms
- togaed
- toga party
Related terms
- togate
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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See also
- chiton
Anagrams
- G. O. A. T., G.O.A.T., GOAT, Goat, Gøta, atgo, go at, goat
Cebuano
Noun
toga
- an academic gown
- (historical) loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Rome
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin toga.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoː.ɣaː/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: to‧ga
- Rhymes: -oːɣaː
Noun
toga f (plural toga's, diminutive togaatje n)
- (historical) A toga, an outer garment worn by Roman patrician men.
- A gown worn by academics, Christian priests or ministers, and certain members of the legal profession.
Hypernyms
- ambtskleed
Descendants
- Afrikaans: toga
Faroese
Etymology
From Old Norse toga, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną; cognate with English tow.
Verb
toga (third person singular past indicative togaði, third person plural past indicative togaðu, supine togað)
- to pull
Conjugation
Conjugation of toga (group v-30) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | toga | |
supine | togað | |
participle (a6)1 | togandi | togaður |
present | past | |
first singular | togi | togaði |
second singular | togar | togaði |
third singular | togar | togaði |
plural | toga | togaðu |
imperative | ||
singular | toga! | |
plural | togið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈto(ː)ɡɑ/, [ˈt̪o̞(ː)ɡɑ]
- Rhymes: -oɡɑ
- Syllabification(key): to‧ga
Noun
toga
- Alternative form of tooga
Declension
Inflection of toga (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | toga | togat | |
genitive | togan | togien | |
partitive | togaa | togia | |
illative | togaan | togiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | toga | togat | |
accusative | nom. | toga | togat |
gen. | togan | ||
genitive | togan | togien togainrare | |
partitive | togaa | togia | |
inessive | togassa | togissa | |
elative | togasta | togista | |
illative | togaan | togiin | |
adessive | togalla | togilla | |
ablative | togalta | togilta | |
allative | togalle | togille | |
essive | togana | togina | |
translative | togaksi | togiksi | |
instructive | — | togin | |
abessive | togatta | togitta | |
comitative | — | togineen |
Possessive forms of toga (type koira) | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | singular | plural |
1st person | togani | togamme |
2nd person | togasi | toganne |
3rd person | togansa |
Anagrams
- gota
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse toga, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną; cognate with English tow.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtʰɔːɣa/
- Rhymes: -ɔːɣa
Verb
toga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative togaði, supine togað)
- (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative) to pull, to draw, to tug
- (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative) to trawl
Inflection
infinitive (nafnháttur) | að toga | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) | togað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | togandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) | ég toga | við togum | present (nútíð) | ég togi | við togum |
þú togar | þið togið | þú togir | þið togið | ||
hann, hún, það togar | þeir, þær, þau toga | hann, hún, það togi | þeir, þær, þau togi | ||
past (þátíð) | ég togaði | við toguðum | past (þátíð) | ég togaði | við toguðum |
þú togaðir | þið toguðuð | þú togaðir | þið toguðuð | ||
hann, hún, það togaði | þeir, þær, þau toguðu | hann, hún, það togaði | þeir, þær, þau toguðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) | toga (þú) | togið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
togaðu | togiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) | að togast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) | togast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | togandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) | ég togast | við togumst | present (nútíð) | ég togist | við togumst |
þú togast | þið togist | þú togist | þið togist | ||
hann, hún, það togast | þeir, þær, þau togast | hann, hún, það togist | þeir, þær, þau togist | ||
past (þátíð) | ég togaðist | við toguðumst | past (þátíð) | ég togaðist | við toguðumst |
þú togaðist | þið toguðust | þú togaðist | þið toguðust | ||
hann, hún, það togaðist | þeir, þær, þau toguðust | hann, hún, það togaðist | þeir, þær, þau toguðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) | togast (þú) | togist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
togastu | togisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) | togaður | toguð | togað | togaðir | togaðar | toguð | |
accusative (þolfall) | togaðan | togaða | togað | togaða | togaðar | toguð | |
dative (þágufall) | toguðum | togaðri | toguðu | toguðum | toguðum | toguðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) | togaðs | togaðrar | togaðs | togaðra | togaðra | togaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) | togaði | togaða | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
accusative (þolfall) | togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
dative (þágufall) | togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) | togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu |
Synonyms
- (pull): draga
Derived terms
- hártogun
- hlaupa eins og fætur toga (to run as fast as one can)
- toga í eitthvað (to pull on something)
- togast
- togast á um (to fight over something, to contend for something)
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin toga.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/
- Rhymes: -ɔɡa
- Hyphenation: tò‧ga
Noun
toga f (plural toghe)
- toga
- gown, robe
- magistrate, judge
- (by extension) lawyer
Related terms
- togale
- togato
Anagrams
- Tago, gota, tago
Japanese
Romanization
toga
- Rōmaji transcription of とが
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *togéh₂ (“cover”), from *(s)teg- (“to cover”) (whence tegō).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡa/, [ˈt̪ɔɡä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡa/, [ˈt̪ɔːɡä]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Noun
toga f (genitive togae); first declension
- toga
- Toga candida.
- Pure white toga.
- Toga candida.
- a garment
- a roof
- (figuratively) a client
- (figuratively) peace
Declension
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | toga | togae |
Genitive | togae | togārum |
Dative | togae | togīs |
Accusative | togam | togās |
Ablative | togā | togīs |
Vocative | toga | togae |
Derived terms
- epitogium
- toga alba
- toga candida
- toga picta
- toga praetexta
- toga pulla
- toga pura
- togāta
- togātārius
- toga trabea
- togātulus
- togātus
- toga virilis
- togula
Descendants
- English: toga
- French: toge
- Italian: toga
- Spanish: toga
References
- “toga”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- toga in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
- to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
Northern Sami
Etymology
Borrowed from Norwegian tog, Swedish tåg.
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈtʰoːka/
Noun
tōga
- (Norway, Sweden) train
- Synonym: juná
Inflection
Even a-stem, no gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | tōga | |||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tōga | |||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | tōga | tōgat | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | tōga | tōgaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tōga | tōgaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Illative | tōgii | tōgaide | ||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | tōgas | tōgain | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comitative | tōgain | tōgaiguin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Essive | tōgan | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading
- Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
- togene
Noun
toga n
- definite plural of tog
Etymology 2
From Latin toga.
Noun
toga m (definite singular togaen, indefinite plural togaer, definite plural togaene)
- a toga (Roman garment)
References
- “toga” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “toga” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
toga n
- definite plural of tog
Etymology 2
From Latin toga.
Noun
toga m (definite singular togaen, indefinite plural togaer or togaar, definite plural togaene or togaane)
- a toga (Roman garment)
References
- “toga” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- tog
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɣa/
Verb
toga
- second-person singular imperative of do·goa
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
toga | thoga | toga pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Old Norse
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *tugōną.
Verb
toga
- to draw, pull, stretch
Conjugation
infinitive | toga | |
---|---|---|
present participle | togandi | |
past participle | togaðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | toga | togaða |
2nd-person singular | togar | togaðir |
3rd-person singular | togar | togaði |
1st-person plural | togum | toguðum |
2nd-person plural | togið | toguðuð |
3rd-person plural | toga | toguðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | toga | togaða |
2nd-person singular | togir | togaðir |
3rd-person singular | togi | togaði |
1st-person plural | togim | togaðim |
2nd-person plural | togið | togaðið |
3rd-person plural | togi | togaði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | toga | |
1st-person plural | togum | |
2nd-person plural | togið |
infinitive | togask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | togandisk | |
past participle | togazk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | togumk | toguðumk |
2nd-person singular | togask | togaðisk |
3rd-person singular | togask | togaðisk |
1st-person plural | togumsk | toguðumsk |
2nd-person plural | togizk | toguðuzk |
3rd-person plural | togask | toguðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | togumk | toguðumk |
2nd-person singular | togisk | togaðisk |
3rd-person singular | togisk | togaðisk |
1st-person plural | togimsk | togaðimsk |
2nd-person plural | togizk | togaðizk |
3rd-person plural | togisk | togaðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | togask | |
1st-person plural | togumsk | |
2nd-person plural | togizk |
Descendants
- Faroese: toga
- Icelandic: toga
- Norwegian Nynorsk: toge
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
toga
- indefinite genitive plural of tog
References
- “toga”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin toga.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔɡa
- Syllabification: to‧ga
Noun
toga f
- toga, gown
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | toga | togi |
genitive | togi | tog/tóg |
dative | todze | togom |
accusative | togę | togi |
instrumental | togą | togami |
locative | todze | togach |
vocative | togo | togi |
Further reading
- toga in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- toga in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Noun
toga f (plural togas)
- toga (loose outer garment worn by the citizens of ancient Rome)
Samoan
Etymology
See also Malay tengah (“centre”) and Maori tonga (“south”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /to.ŋa/
Noun
toga
- south
Adjective
toga
- southern
Derived terms
- Toga (“Tonga”)
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tǒːɡa/
- Hyphenation: to‧ga
Noun
tóga f (Cyrillic spelling то́га)
- toga, gown
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | toga | toge |
genitive | toge | toga |
dative | togi | togama |
accusative | togu | toge |
vocative | togo | toge |
locative | togi | togama |
instrumental | togom | togama |
Pronoun
- inflection of taj
Slovene
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *tǫga.
Noun
tọ́ga f
- sadness (state/emotion)
- Synonym: žálost
Noun
tọ́ga f
- toga (garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome)
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
tóga
- inflection of tog:
- masculine nominative/accusative dual
- feminine nominative singular
- neuter nominative/accusative plural
Further reading
- “toga”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/ [ˈt̪o.ɣ̞a]
- Rhymes: -oɡa
- Syllabification: to‧ga
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Latin toga.
Noun
toga f (plural togas)
- toga
- (ceremonial) gown; (ceremonial) robe (worn by a lawyer, judge, graduate, professor etc.)
Verb
toga
- only used in se toga, third-person singular present indicative of togarse
- only used in te ... toga, syntactic variant of tógate, second-person singular imperative of togarse
Etymology 2
Back slang for gato.
Noun
toga m (plural togas)
- (back slang, slang, Argentina) cat
Further reading
- “toga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tagalog
Etymology
Borrowed from Spanish toga.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: to‧ga
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/, [ˈto.ɣɐ]
Noun
toga
- ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)
- toga (garment used by the citizens of ancient Rome)
Derived terms
- magtoga
Further reading
- “toga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2018
West Makian
Etymology
Compare East Makian togal (“to pull”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈt̪o.ɡa/
Verb
toga
- (transitive) to pull
- (transitive) to lift up (from water)
- (transitive) to pull up (an anchor)
Conjugation
Conjugation of toga (action verb) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | totoga | motoga | atoga | |
2nd person | notoga | fotoga | ||
3rd person | inanimate | itoga | dotoga | |
animate | ||||
imperative | notoga, toga | fotoga, toga |
References
- James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary, Pacific linguistics
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours, Pacific linguistics