sutha

Zulu

Alternative forms

-esutha

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jíkʊta. Cognate with Xhosa -hlutha.

Verb

-sútha

(intransitive) to become full (while eating)
(intransitive) to become sated, to become satisfied

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukusutha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukusutha	ukungasuthi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	sutha	-suthe
Plural	suthani	-sutheni
	Stative
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngisuthi	engisuthi	ngisuthi	angisuthi	engingasuthi	ngingasuthi
2nd singular	usuthi	osuthi	usuthi	awusuthi	ongasuthi	ungasuthi
1st plural	sisuthi	esisuthi	sisuthi	asisuthi	esingasuthi	singasuthi
2nd plural	nisuthi	enisuthi	nisuthi	anisuthi	eningasuthi	ningasuthi
Class 1	usuthi	osuthi	esuthi	akasuthi	ongasuthi	engasuthi
Class 2	basuthi	abasuthi	besuthi	abasuthi	abangasuthi	bengasuthi
Class 3	usuthi	osuthi	usuthi	awusuthi	ongasuthi	ongasuthi
Class 4	isuthi	esuthi	isuthi	ayisuthi	engasuthi	ingasuthi
Class 5	lisuthi	elisuthi	lisuthi	alisuthi	elingasuthi	lingasuthi
Class 6	asuthi	asuthi	esuthi	awasuthi	angasuthi	engasuthi
Class 7	sisuthi	esisuthi	sisuthi	asisuthi	esingasuthi	singasuthi
Class 8	zisuthi	ezisuthi	zisuthi	azisuthi	ezingasuthi	zingasuthi
Class 9	isuthi	esuthi	isuthi	ayisuthi	engasuthi	ingasuthi
Class 10	zisuthi	ezisuthi	zisuthi	azisuthi	ezingasuthi	zingasuthi
Class 11	lusuthi	olusuthi	lusuthi	alusuthi	olungasuthi	lungasuthi
Class 14	busuthi	obusuthi	busuthi	abusuthi	obungasuthi	bungasuthi
Class 15	kusuthi	okusuthi	kusuthi	akusuthi	okungasuthi	kungasuthi
Class 17	kusuthi	okusuthi	kusuthi	akusuthi	okungasuthi	kungasuthi
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyasutha, ngisutha	engisuthayo, engisutha	ngisutha	angisuthi	engingasuthi	ngingasuthi
2nd singular	uyasutha, usutha	osuthayo, osutha	usutha	awusuthi	ongasuthi	ungasuthi
1st plural	siyasutha, sisutha	esisuthayo, esisutha	sisutha	asisuthi	esingasuthi	singasuthi
2nd plural	niyasutha, nisutha	enisuthayo, enisutha	nisutha	anisuthi	eningasuthi	ningasuthi
Class 1	uyasutha, usutha	osuthayo, osutha	esutha	akasuthi	ongasuthi	engasuthi
Class 2	bayasutha, basutha	abasuthayo, abasutha	besutha	abasuthi	abangasuthi	bengasuthi
Class 3	uyasutha, usutha	osuthayo, osutha	usutha	awusuthi	ongasuthi	ungasuthi
Class 4	iyasutha, isutha	esuthayo, esutha	isutha	ayisuthi	engasuthi	ingasuthi
Class 5	liyasutha, lisutha	elisuthayo, elisutha	lisutha	alisuthi	elingasuthi	lingasuthi
Class 6	ayasutha, asutha	asuthayo, asutha	esutha	awasuthi	angasuthi	engasuthi
Class 7	siyasutha, sisutha	esisuthayo, esisutha	sisutha	asisuthi	esingasuthi	singasuthi
Class 8	ziyasutha, zisutha	ezisuthayo, ezisutha	zisutha	azisuthi	ezingasuthi	zingasuthi
Class 9	iyasutha, isutha	esuthayo, esutha	isutha	ayisuthi	engasuthi	ingasuthi
Class 10	ziyasutha, zisutha	ezisuthayo, ezisutha	zisutha	azisuthi	ezingasuthi	zingasuthi
Class 11	luyasutha, lusutha	olusuthayo, olusutha	lusutha	alusuthi	olungasuthi	lungasuthi
Class 14	buyasutha, busutha	obusuthayo, obusutha	busutha	abusuthi	obungasuthi	bungasuthi
Class 15	kuyasutha, kusutha	okusuthayo, okusutha	kusutha	akusuthi	okungasuthi	kungasuthi
Class 17	kuyasutha, kusutha	okusuthayo, okusutha	kusutha	akusuthi	okungasuthi	kungasuthi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngisuthile, ngisuthē	engisuthile, engisuthē	ngisuthile, ngisuthē	angisuthanga	engingasuthanga	ngingasuthanga
2nd singular	usuthile, usuthē	osuthile, osuthē	usuthile, usuthē	awusuthanga	ongasuthanga	ungasuthanga
1st plural	sisuthile, sisuthē	esisuthile, esisuthē	sisuthile, sisuthē	asisuthanga	esingasuthanga	singasuthanga
2nd plural	nisuthile, nisuthē	enisuthile, enisuthē	nisuthile, nisuthē	anisuthanga	eningasuthanga	ningasuthanga
Class 1	usuthile, usuthē	osuthile, osuthē	esuthile, esuthē	akasuthanga	ongasuthanga	engasuthanga
Class 2	basuthile, basuthē	abasuthile, abasuthē	besuthile, besuthē	abasuthanga	abangasuthanga	bengasuthanga
Class 3	usuthile, usuthē	osuthile, osuthē	usuthile, usuthē	awusuthanga	ongasuthanga	ungasuthanga
Class 4	isuthile, isuthē	esuthile, esuthē	isuthile, isuthē	ayisuthanga	engasuthanga	ingasuthanga
Class 5	lisuthile, lisuthē	elisuthile, elisuthē	lisuthile, lisuthē	alisuthanga	elingasuthanga	lingasuthanga
Class 6	asuthile, asuthē	asuthile, asuthē	esuthile, esuthē	awasuthanga	angasuthanga	engasuthanga
Class 7	sisuthile, sisuthē	esisuthile, esisuthē	sisuthile, sisuthē	asisuthanga	esingasuthanga	singasuthanga
Class 8	zisuthile, zisuthē	ezisuthile, ezisuthē	zisuthile, zisuthē	azisuthanga	ezingasuthanga	zingasuthanga
Class 9	isuthile, isuthē	esuthile, esuthē	isuthile, isuthē	ayisuthanga	engasuthanga	ingasuthanga
Class 10	zisuthile, zisuthē	ezisuthile, ezisuthē	zisuthile, zisuthē	azisuthanga	ezingasuthanga	zingasuthanga
Class 11	lusuthile, lusuthē	olusuthile, olusuthē	lusuthile, lusuthē	alusuthanga	olungasuthanga	lungasuthanga
Class 14	busuthile, busuthē	obusuthile, obusuthē	busuthile, busuthē	abusuthanga	obungasuthanga	bungasuthanga
Class 15	kusuthile, kusuthē	okusuthile, okusuthē	kusuthile, kusuthē	akusuthanga	okungasuthanga	kungasuthanga
Class 17	kusuthile, kusuthē	okusuthile, okusuthē	kusuthile, kusuthē	akusuthanga	okungasuthanga	kungasuthanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāsutha	engāsutha	ngāsutha	angisuthanga	engingasuthanga	ngingasuthanga
2nd singular	wāsutha	owāsutha	wāsutha	awusuthanga	ongasuthanga	ungasuthanga
1st plural	sāsutha	esāsutha	sāsutha	asisuthanga	esingasuthanga	singasuthanga
2nd plural	nāsutha	enāsutha	nāsutha	anisuthanga	eningasuthanga	ningasuthanga
Class 1	wāsutha	owāsutha	āsutha	akasuthanga	ongasuthanga	engasuthanga
Class 2	bāsutha	abāsutha	bāsutha	abasuthanga	abangasuthanga	bengasuthanga
Class 3	wāsutha	owāsutha	wāsutha	awusuthanga	ongasuthanga	ungasuthanga
Class 4	yāsutha	eyāsutha	yāsutha	ayisuthanga	engasuthanga	ingasuthanga
Class 5	lāsutha	elāsutha	lāsutha	alisuthanga	elingasuthanga	lingasuthanga
Class 6	āsutha	āsutha	āsutha	awasuthanga	angasuthanga	engasuthanga
Class 7	sāsutha	esāsutha	sāsutha	asisuthanga	esingasuthanga	singasuthanga
Class 8	zāsutha	ezāsutha	zāsutha	azisuthanga	ezingasuthanga	zingasuthanga
Class 9	yāsutha	eyāsutha	yāsutha	ayisuthanga	engasuthanga	ingasuthanga
Class 10	zāsutha	ezāsutha	zāsutha	azisuthanga	ezingasuthanga	zingasuthanga
Class 11	lwāsutha	olwāsutha	lwāsutha	alusuthanga	olungasuthanga	lungasuthanga
Class 14	bāsutha	obāsutha	bāsutha	abusuthanga	obungasuthanga	bungasuthanga
Class 15	kwāsutha	okwāsutha	kwāsutha	akusuthanga	okungasuthanga	kungasuthanga
Class 17	kwāsutha	okwāsutha	kwāsutha	akusuthanga	okungasuthanga	kungasuthanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingasutha	—	ngingasutha	ngingesuthe	—	ngingesuthe
2nd singular	ungasutha	—	ungasutha	ungesuthe	—	ungesuthe
1st plural	singasutha	—	singasutha	singesuthe	—	singesuthe
2nd plural	ningasutha	—	ningasutha	ningesuthe	—	ningesuthe
Class 1	angasutha	—	engasutha	angesuthe	—	engesuthe
Class 2	bangasutha	—	bengasutha	bangesuthe	—	bengesuthe
Class 3	ungasutha	—	ungasutha	ungesuthe	—	ungesuthe
Class 4	ingasutha	—	ingasutha	ingesuthe	—	ingesuthe
Class 5	lingasutha	—	lingasutha	lingesuthe	—	lingesuthe
Class 6	angasutha	—	engasutha	angesuthe	—	engesuthe
Class 7	singasutha	—	singasutha	singesuthe	—	singesuthe
Class 8	zingasutha	—	zingasutha	zingesuthe	—	zingesuthe
Class 9	ingasutha	—	ingasutha	ingesuthe	—	ingesuthe
Class 10	zingasutha	—	zingasutha	zingesuthe	—	zingesuthe
Class 11	lungasutha	—	lungasutha	lungesuthe	—	lungesuthe
Class 14	bungasutha	—	bungasutha	bungesuthe	—	bungesuthe
Class 15	kungasutha	—	kungasutha	kungesuthe	—	kungesuthe
Class 17	kungasutha	—	kungasutha	kungesuthe	—	kungesuthe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizosutha	engizosutha	ngizosutha	angizusutha	engingezusutha	ngingezusutha
2nd singular	uzosutha	ozosutha	uzosutha	awuzusutha	ongezusutha	ungezusutha
1st plural	sizosutha	esizosutha	sizosutha	asizusutha	esingezusutha	singezusutha
2nd plural	nizosutha	enizosutha	nizosutha	anizusutha	eningezusutha	ningezusutha
Class 1	uzosutha	ozosutha	ezosutha	akazusutha	ongezusutha	engezusutha
Class 2	bazosutha	abazosutha	bezosutha	abazusutha	abangezusutha	bengezusutha
Class 3	uzosutha	ozosutha	uzosutha	awuzusutha	ongezusutha	ungezusutha
Class 4	izosutha	ezosutha	izosutha	ayizusutha	engezusutha	ingezusutha
Class 5	lizosutha	elizosutha	lizosutha	alizusutha	elingezusutha	lingezusutha
Class 6	azosutha	azosutha	ezosutha	awazusutha	angezusutha	engezusutha
Class 7	sizosutha	esizosutha	sizosutha	asizusutha	esingezusutha	singezusutha
Class 8	zizosutha	ezizosutha	zizosutha	azizusutha	ezingezusutha	zingezusutha
Class 9	izosutha	ezosutha	izosutha	ayizusutha	engezusutha	ingezusutha
Class 10	zizosutha	ezizosutha	zizosutha	azizusutha	ezingezusutha	zingezusutha
Class 11	luzosutha	oluzosutha	luzosutha	aluzusutha	olungezusutha	lungezusutha
Class 14	buzosutha	obuzosutha	buzosutha	abuzusutha	obungezusutha	bungezusutha
Class 15	kuzosutha	okuzosutha	kuzosutha	akuzusutha	okungezusutha	kungezusutha
Class 17	kuzosutha	okuzosutha	kuzosutha	akuzusutha	okungezusutha	kungezusutha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyosutha	engiyosutha	ngiyosutha	angiyusutha	engingeyusutha	ngingeyusutha
2nd singular	uyosutha	oyosutha	uyosutha	awuyusutha	ongeyusutha	ungeyusutha
1st plural	siyosutha	esiyosutha	siyosutha	asiyusutha	esingeyusutha	singeyusutha
2nd plural	niyosutha	eniyosutha	niyosutha	aniyusutha	eningeyusutha	ningeyusutha
Class 1	uyosutha	oyosutha	eyosutha	akayusutha	ongeyusutha	engeyusutha
Class 2	bayosutha	abayosutha	beyosutha	abayusutha	abangeyusutha	bengeyusutha
Class 3	uyosutha	oyosutha	uyosutha	awuyusutha	ongeyusutha	ungeyusutha
Class 4	iyosutha	eyosutha	iyosutha	ayiyusutha	engeyusutha	ingeyusutha
Class 5	liyosutha	eliyosutha	liyosutha	aliyusutha	elingeyusutha	lingeyusutha
Class 6	ayosutha	ayosutha	eyosutha	awayusutha	angeyusutha	engeyusutha
Class 7	siyosutha	esiyosutha	siyosutha	asiyusutha	esingeyusutha	singeyusutha
Class 8	ziyosutha	eziyosutha	ziyosutha	aziyusutha	ezingeyusutha	zingeyusutha
Class 9	iyosutha	eyosutha	iyosutha	ayiyusutha	engeyusutha	ingeyusutha
Class 10	ziyosutha	eziyosutha	ziyosutha	aziyusutha	ezingeyusutha	zingeyusutha
Class 11	luyosutha	oluyosutha	luyosutha	aluyusutha	olungeyusutha	lungeyusutha
Class 14	buyosutha	obuyosutha	buyosutha	abuyusutha	obungeyusutha	bungeyusutha
Class 15	kuyosutha	okuyosutha	kuyosutha	akuyusutha	okungeyusutha	kungeyusutha
Class 17	kuyosutha	okuyosutha	kuyosutha	akuyusutha	okungeyusutha	kungeyusutha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngisuthe	ngingasuthi
2nd singular	usuthe	ungasuthi
1st plural	sisuthe	singasuthi
2nd plural	nisuthe	ningasuthi
Class 1	asuthe	angasuthi
Class 2	basuthe	bangasuthi
Class 3	usuthe	ungasuthi
Class 4	isuthe	ingasuthi
Class 5	lisuthe	lingasuthi
Class 6	asuthe	angasuthi
Class 7	sisuthe	singasuthi
Class 8	zisuthe	zingasuthi
Class 9	isuthe	ingasuthi
Class 10	zisuthe	zingasuthi
Class 11	lusuthe	lungasuthi
Class 14	busuthe	bungasuthi
Class 15	kusuthe	kungasuthi
Class 17	kusuthe	kungasuthi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngasutha	ngangasutha, angasutha, angangasutha
2nd singular	wasutha	wangasutha, awasutha, awangasutha
1st plural	sasutha	sangasutha, asasutha, asangasutha
2nd plural	nasutha	nangasutha, anasutha, anangasutha
Class 1	wasutha	wangasutha, akasutha, akangasutha
Class 2	basutha	bangasutha, abasutha, abangasutha
Class 3	wasutha	wangasutha, awasutha, awangasutha
Class 4	yasutha	yangasutha, ayasutha, ayangasutha
Class 5	lasutha	langasutha, alasutha, alangasutha
Class 6	asutha	angasutha, awasutha, awangasutha
Class 7	sasutha	sangasutha, asasutha, asangasutha
Class 8	zasutha	zangasutha, azasutha, azangasutha
Class 9	yasutha	yangasutha, ayasutha, ayangasutha
Class 10	zasutha	zangasutha, azasutha, azangasutha
Class 11	lwasutha	lwangasutha, alwasutha, alwangasutha
Class 14	basutha	bangasutha, abasutha, abangasutha
Class 15	kwasutha	kwangasutha, akwasutha, akwangasutha
Class 17	kwasutha	kwangasutha, akwasutha, akwangasutha

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “sutha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “sutha (3.9)”