specto
Latin
Etymology
Frequentative of speciō (“look at”) via its passive participle spectus.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈspek.toː/, [ˈs̠pɛkt̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈspek.to/, [ˈspɛkt̪o]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Verb
spectō (present infinitive spectāre, perfect active spectāvī, supine spectātum); first conjugation
- I watch, observe, look at, consider
- Synonyms: videō, intueor, tueor, vīsō, īnspectō, observō, servō, speciō, invīsō, cōnspiciō, perlūstrō, īnspiciō, suspiciō
- I examine, try, test
- Synonyms: periclitor, experior, temptō, probō, explōrō, reputō, cōnsīderō, perpendō, circumspiciō
- I aim, strive, or endeavour after
- Synonyms: lūctor, ēlabōrō, certō, cōnītor, cōnor, appetō, temptō, affectō, tendō, quaerō, īnsequor, sitiō, studeō, contendō, adnītor, labōrō, pugnō, molior, perīclitor, nītor, ēnītor
- Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I, 9:
- ad vim spectareres coepit
- The matters began to strive for violence
- ad vim spectareres coepit
- I seek, aspire to
- Synonyms: requīrō, affectō, cupiō, quaerō, studeō, concupiō, indigeō, inquīrō, conquīrō, petō, expetō, aveō, voveō, circumspiciō, appetō, intendō, quaesō, tendō
- Antonyms: āversor, abhorreō
Conjugation
Conjugation of spectō (first conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | spectō | spectās | spectat | spectāmus | spectātis | spectant |
imperfect | spectābam | spectābās | spectābat | spectābāmus | spectābātis | spectābant | |
future | spectābō | spectābis | spectābit | spectābimus | spectābitis | spectābunt | |
perfect | spectāvī | spectāvistī, spectāstī1 | spectāvit, spectāt1 | spectāvimus, spectāmus1 | spectāvistis, spectāstis1 | spectāvērunt, spectāvēre, spectārunt1 | |
pluperfect | spectāveram, spectāram1 | spectāverās, spectārās1 | spectāverat, spectārat1 | spectāverāmus, spectārāmus1 | spectāverātis, spectārātis1 | spectāverant, spectārant1 | |
future perfect | spectāverō, spectārō1 | spectāveris, spectāris1 | spectāverit, spectārit1 | spectāverimus, spectārimus1 | spectāveritis, spectāritis1 | spectāverint, spectārint1 | |
passive | present | spector | spectāris, spectāre | spectātur | spectāmur | spectāminī | spectantur |
imperfect | spectābar | spectābāris, spectābāre | spectābātur | spectābāmur | spectābāminī | spectābantur | |
future | spectābor | spectāberis, spectābere | spectābitur | spectābimur | spectābiminī | spectābuntur | |
perfect | spectātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | spectātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | spectātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | spectem | spectēs | spectet | spectēmus | spectētis | spectent |
imperfect | spectārem | spectārēs | spectāret | spectārēmus | spectārētis | spectārent | |
perfect | spectāverim, spectārim1 | spectāverīs, spectārīs1 | spectāverit, spectārit1 | spectāverīmus, spectārīmus1 | spectāverītis, spectārītis1 | spectāverint, spectārint1 | |
pluperfect | spectāvissem, spectāssem1 | spectāvissēs, spectāssēs1 | spectāvisset, spectāsset1 | spectāvissēmus, spectāssēmus1 | spectāvissētis, spectāssētis1 | spectāvissent, spectāssent1 | |
passive | present | specter | spectēris, spectēre | spectētur | spectēmur | spectēminī | spectentur |
imperfect | spectārer | spectārēris, spectārēre | spectārētur | spectārēmur | spectārēminī | spectārentur | |
perfect | spectātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | spectātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | spectā | — | — | spectāte | — |
future | — | spectātō | spectātō | — | spectātōte | spectantō | |
passive | present | — | spectāre | — | — | spectāminī | — |
future | — | spectātor | spectātor | — | — | spectantor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | spectāre | spectāvisse, spectāsse1 | spectātūrum esse | spectārī | spectātum esse | spectātum īrī | |
participles | spectāns | — | spectātūrus | — | spectātus | spectandus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
spectandī | spectandō | spectandum | spectandō | spectātum | spectātū |
1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.
Related terms
- aspectō
- circumspectō
- dēspectō
- exspectō
- spectābilis
- spectāculum
- spectātiō
- spectātor
- spectātrīx
- spectātus
- spectrum
- specula
- speculāria
- speculātor
- speculātrīx
- speculor
- speculum
Descendants
- → English: spectate
- Friulian: spietâ
- Istriot: spattà
- Italian: spettare
- Ladin: spieter
- Portuguese: espectar
- Romansch: spetgar
- Venetian: spetar
References
- “specto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “specto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- specto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- specto in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to lie to the east, west, south, north: spectare in (vergere ad) orientem (solem), occidentem (solem), ad meridiem, in septentriones
- to be situate to the north-west: spectare inter occasum solis et septentriones
- to study the commonplace: cogitationes in res humiles abicere (De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp. alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)
- to have a high object in view; to be ambitious: magna sibi proponere or magna spectare
- to have an object in view: spectare aliquid or ad aliquid
- the matter tends towards..., has this object.[1: res eo spectat, ut
- there seems a prospect of armed violence; things look like violence: res spectat ad vim (arma)
- literally: si verba spectas
- a man's policy is aiming at, directed towards..: alicuius in re publica or capessendae rei publicae consilia eo spectant, ut...
- to lie to the east, west, south, north: spectare in (vergere ad) orientem (solem), occidentem (solem), ad meridiem, in septentriones