-sam
See also: Appendix:Variations of "sam"
German
Etymology
From Middle High German -sam, from Old High German -sam, from Proto-West Germanic *-sam, from Proto-Germanic *-samaz, from Proto-Germanic *samaz, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós. Cognate with English -some and Dutch -zaam. Related also to Old High German samo (“the same”) and sama (“similary”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /zaːm/ (standard)
- IPA(key): /zam/ (regional; including western Germany)
Audio (file)
Suffix
-sam
- Used to form adjectives from verbs, nouns, and other adjectives; expressing similarity or the possession of a quality.
- Tugend (“virtue”) + -sam → tugendsam (“of virtue, virtuous”)
- aufmerken (“to observe”) + -sam → aufmerksam (“observant, attentive”)
- lang (“long, lengthy”) + -sam → langsam (“slow”)
- Used to form adjectives from verbs; expressing the ability to undergo some action.
- Synonyms: -bar, -abel
- biegen (“to bend”) + -sam → biegsam (“flexible, bendable”)
Usage notes
- The suffix is now of very limited productivity at most.
Derived terms
German terms suffixed with -sam
- einfügsam
- erholsam
- gehorsam
- gelehrsam
- lenksam
- seltsam
- tugendsam
- vergnügsam
Latin
Suffix
-sam
- accusative feminine singular of -sus
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse -samr.
Suffix
-sam
- used to form adjectives
Derived terms
Norwegian Nynorsk terms suffixed with -sam
References
- “-sam” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse -samr, from Proto-Germanic *-samaz, a suffix form of *samaz (“same”).
Suffix
-sam
- -some; creating adjectives, mostly out of nouns
Derived terms
Swedish terms suffixed with -sam
Derived terms
- arbetsam
- återhållsam
- betänksam
- blygsam
- eftertänksam
- fridsam
- fruktsam
- hälsosam
- hörsam
- inställsam
- missunnsam
- mödosam
- nogsam
- obetänksam
- ofruktsam
- ohörsam
- sällsam
- skyndsam
- smärtsam
- sparsam
- varsam
See also
- -lig
- sam-
References
- -sam in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Anagrams
- mas