aridus
Latin
Alternative forms
- ārdus (less common, contracted form)
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *āzidos. Equivalent to āreō (“I am dry, I am parched”) + -idus.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈaː.ri.dus/, [ˈäːrɪd̪ʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.ri.dus/, [ˈäːrid̪us]
Adjective
āridus (feminine ārida, neuter āridum, superlative āridissimus); first/second-declension adjective
- dry, parched, withered, arid
- Montes aridi sterilesque.
- Parched and barren mountains.
- Arida ligna.
- Dry wood.
- Terra arida et sicca.
- An arid and dry ground.
- Montes aridi sterilesque.
- (of things) dry, lean, meagre, shrivelled; withered (e.g. from disease)
- Uvis aridior puella passis.
- A damsel drier than the raisin'd grape.
- Vita horrida atque arida.
- Rough and meagre life.
- Uvis aridior puella passis.
- (rhetorical style, orators) uninspired, jejune, spiritless
- Aridi magistri.
- Uninspired teachers.
- Sicci omnino atque aridi pueri.
- Sapless lads, altogether, and dry.
- Aridi magistri.
- (slang) avaricious, someone greedy or stingy (confer the tongue-in-cheek term Argentiexterebronides (“the name of one who is skilled in extorting money; a sponger”))
Usage notes
- Sometimes used of thirst; sitis arida guttor urit (“thirst unquenched still burns all his throat”) and os aridum habens (“having a dry mouth”)
- Of a fever meaning to "cause thirst"; used with febris (“fever”) and morbus (“sickness, illness”)
- Of color; arbor folio convoluto, arido colore.
- Also used of cracking or snapping sound, as when dry wood is broken; aridus sonus and aridus fragor both refer to a a dry, grating, half-crackling sound, as in aridus altis Montibus incipit audiri fragor (“a dry crackling noise begins to be heard in the high mountain forest”)
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | āridus | ārida | āridum | āridī | āridae | ārida | |
| Genitive | āridī | āridae | āridī | āridōrum | āridārum | āridōrum | |
| Dative | āridō | āridō | āridīs | ||||
| Accusative | āridum | āridam | āridum | āridōs | āridās | ārida | |
| Ablative | āridō | āridā | āridō | āridīs | |||
| Vocative | āride | ārida | āridum | āridī | āridae | ārida | |
Derived terms
- ārdeō
- ārida
- āridīs manibus
- āriditās
- āridum
Descendants
- Catalan: àrreu
- → Catalan: àrid
- → English: arid
- → French: aride
- → Galician: árido
- → Italian: arido
- → Portuguese: árido
- → Spanish: árido
References
- “aridus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “aridus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- aridus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the dry, lifeless style: oratio exilis, ieiuna, arida, exsanguis
- to haul up a boat: navem subducere (in aridum)
- the dry, lifeless style: oratio exilis, ieiuna, arida, exsanguis