refutar
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin refūtō.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /rə.fuˈta/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /re.fuˈtaɾ/
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Verb
refutar (first-person singular present refuto, past participle refutat)
- to refute
Conjugation
Conjugation of refutar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | refutar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | refutant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | refutat | refutada | |||||
| plural | refutats | refutades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | refuto | refutes | refuta | refutem | refuteu | refuten | |
| imperfect | refutava | refutaves | refutava | refutàvem | refutàveu | refutaven | |
| future | refutaré | refutaràs | refutarà | refutarem | refutareu | refutaran | |
| preterite | refutí | refutares | refutà | refutàrem | refutàreu | refutaren | |
| conditional | refutaria | refutaries | refutaria | refutaríem | refutaríeu | refutarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | refuti | refutis | refuti | refutem | refuteu | refutin | |
| imperfect | refutés | refutessis | refutés | refutéssim | refutéssiu | refutessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | refuta | refuti | refutem | refuteu | refutin | ||
Further reading
- “refutar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “refutar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “refutar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “refutar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology
From Latin refūtō.
Verb
refutar (first-person singular present refuto, first-person singular preterite refutei, past participle refutado)
- (transitive) to refute (to prove (something) to be false or incorrect)
Conjugation
Conjugation of refutar
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | refutar | |||||
| personal | refutar | refutares | refutar | refutarmos | refutardes | refutaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| refutando | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | refutado | refutados | ||||
| feminine | refutada | refutadas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | refuto | refutas | refuta | refutamos | refutades | refutan |
| imperfect | refutaba | refutabas | refutaba | refutabamos | refutabades | refutaban |
| preterite | refutei | refutaches | refutou | refutamos | refutastes | refutaron |
| pluperfect | refutara | refutaras | refutara | refutaramos | refutarades | refutaran |
| future | refutarei | refutarás | refutará | refutaremos | refutaredes | refutarán |
| conditional | refutaría | refutarías | refutaría | refutariamos | refutariades | refutarían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | refute | refutes | refute | refutemos | refutedes | refuten |
| preterite | refutase | refutases | refutase | refutásemos | refutásedes | refutasen |
| future | refutar | refutares | refutar | refutarmos | refutardes | refutaren |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | refuta | refute | refutemos | refutade | refuten |
| negative | – | refutes | refute | refutemos | refutedes | refuten |
Further reading
- “refutar” in DIGALEGO - Dicionario de Galego, Ir Indo 2004, Xunta de Galicia 2013.
- “refutar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
Ido
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /refuˈtar/
Verb
refutar (present tense refutas, past tense refutis, future tense refutos, imperative refutez, conditional refutus)
- to refute, to disprove, rebut
Conjugation
Conjugation of refutar
 | present | past | future | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | refutar | refutir | refutor | ||||
| tense | refutas | refutis | refutos | ||||
| conditional | refutus | ||||||
| imperative | refutez | ||||||
| adjective active participle | refutanta | refutinta | refutonta | ||||
| adverbial active participle | refutante | refutinte | refutonte | ||||
| nominal active participle | singular | refutanto | refutinto | refutonto | |||
| plural | refutanti | refutinti | refutonti | ||||
| adjective passive participle | refutata | refutita | refutota | ||||
| adverbial passive participle | refutate | refutite | refutote | ||||
| nominal passive participle | singular | refutato | refutito | refutoto | |||
| plural | refutati | refutiti | refutoti | ||||
Portuguese
Etymology
From Latin refūtō.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁe.fuˈta(ʁ)/ [he.fuˈta(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁe.fuˈta(ɾ)/ [he.fuˈta(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁe.fuˈta(ʁ)/ [χe.fuˈta(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁe.fuˈta(ɻ)/ [he.fuˈta(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɨ.fuˈtaɾ/
Verb
refutar (first-person singular present refuto, first-person singular preterite refutei, past participle refutado)
- (transitive) to refute (to prove (something) to be false or incorrect)
Conjugation
Conjugation of refutar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | refutar | |||||
| Personal | refutar | refutares | refutar | refutarmos | refutardes | refutarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| refutando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | refutado | refutados | ||||
| Feminine | refutada | refutadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | refuto | refutas | refuta | refutamos | refutais | refutam |
| Imperfect | refutava | refutavas | refutava | refutávamos | refutáveis | refutavam |
| Preterite | refutei | refutaste | refutou | refutamos1, refutámos2 | refutastes | refutaram |
| Pluperfect | refutara | refutaras | refutara | refutáramos | refutáreis | refutaram |
| Future | refutarei | refutarás | refutará | refutaremos | refutareis | refutarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| refutaria | refutarias | refutaria | refutaríamos | refutaríeis | refutariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | refute | refutes | refute | refutemos | refuteis | refutem |
| Imperfect | refutasse | refutasses | refutasse | refutássemos | refutásseis | refutassem |
| Future | refutar | refutares | refutar | refutarmos | refutardes | refutarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | refuta | refute | refutemos | refutai | refutem | |
| Negative (não) | não refutes | não refute | não refutemos | não refuteis | não refutem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Related terms
- refutável
Further reading
- “refutar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin refūtō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /refuˈtaɾ/ [re.fuˈt̪aɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: re‧fu‧tar
Verb
refutar (first-person singular present refuto, first-person singular preterite refuté, past participle refutado)
- to refute
Conjugation
Conjugation of refutar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | refutar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | refutando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | refutado | refutada | |||||
| plural | refutados | refutadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | refuto | refutastú refutásvos | refuta | refutamos | refutáis | refutan | |
| imperfect | refutaba | refutabas | refutaba | refutábamos | refutabais | refutaban | |
| preterite | refuté | refutaste | refutó | refutamos | refutasteis | refutaron | |
| future | refutaré | refutarás | refutará | refutaremos | refutaréis | refutarán | |
| conditional | refutaría | refutarías | refutaría | refutaríamos | refutaríais | refutarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | refute | refutestú refutésvos2 | refute | refutemos | refutéis | refuten | |
| imperfect (ra) | refutara | refutaras | refutara | refutáramos | refutarais | refutaran | |
| imperfect (se) | refutase | refutases | refutase | refutásemos | refutaseis | refutasen | |
| future1 | refutare | refutares | refutare | refutáremos | refutareis | refutaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | refutatú refutávos | refute | refutemos | refutad | refuten | ||
| negative | no refutes | no refute | no refutemos | no refutéis | no refuten | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of refutar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive refutar | |||||||
| dative | refutarme | refutarte | refutarle, refutarse | refutarnos | refutaros | refutarles, refutarse | |
| accusative | refutarme | refutarte | refutarlo, refutarla, refutarse | refutarnos | refutaros | refutarlos, refutarlas, refutarse | |
| with gerund refutando | |||||||
| dative | refutándome | refutándote | refutándole, refutándose | refutándonos | refutándoos | refutándoles, refutándose | |
| accusative | refutándome | refutándote | refutándolo, refutándola, refutándose | refutándonos | refutándoos | refutándolos, refutándolas, refutándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative refuta | |||||||
| dative | refútame | refútate | refútale | refútanos | not used | refútales | |
| accusative | refútame | refútate | refútalo, refútala | refútanos | not used | refútalos, refútalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative refutá | |||||||
| dative | refutame | refutate | refutale | refutanos | not used | refutales | |
| accusative | refutame | refutate | refutalo, refutala | refutanos | not used | refutalos, refutalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative refute | |||||||
| dative | refúteme | not used | refútele, refútese | refútenos | not used | refúteles | |
| accusative | refúteme | not used | refútelo, refútela, refútese | refútenos | not used | refútelos, refútelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative refutemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | refutémoste | refutémosle | refutémonos | refutémoos | refutémosles | |
| accusative | not used | refutémoste | refutémoslo, refutémosla | refutémonos | refutémoos | refutémoslos, refutémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative refutad | |||||||
| dative | refutadme | not used | refutadle | refutadnos | refutaos | refutadles | |
| accusative | refutadme | not used | refutadlo, refutadla | refutadnos | refutaos | refutadlos, refutadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative refuten | |||||||
| dative | refútenme | not used | refútenle | refútennos | not used | refútenles, refútense | |
| accusative | refútenme | not used | refútenlo, refútenla | refútennos | not used | refútenlos, refútenlas, refútense | |
Further reading
- “refutar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014