reculer
French
Etymology
re- + cul + -er
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁə.ky.le/
audio (file)
Verb
reculer
- (transitive) to move back, to put back
- (intransitive) to go backwards
- (intransitive) to back down, to concede
- (intransitive) to back off, to draw back, to retreat
- (intransitive) to recede, to gradualy disappear
- (intransitive) to drop, to fall, to decline
- (nautical, intransitive) to go astern
Conjugation
Conjugation of reculer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | reculer | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | reculant /ʁə.ky.lɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | reculé /ʁə.ky.le/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | recule /ʁə.kyl/ | recules /ʁə.kyl/ | recule /ʁə.kyl/ | reculons /ʁə.ky.lɔ̃/ | reculez /ʁə.ky.le/ | reculent /ʁə.kyl/ |
imperfect | reculais /ʁə.ky.lɛ/ | reculais /ʁə.ky.lɛ/ | reculait /ʁə.ky.lɛ/ | reculions /ʁə.ky.ljɔ̃/ | reculiez /ʁə.ky.lje/ | reculaient /ʁə.ky.lɛ/ | |
past historic2 | reculai /ʁə.ky.le/ | reculas /ʁə.ky.la/ | recula /ʁə.ky.la/ | reculâmes /ʁə.ky.lam/ | reculâtes /ʁə.ky.lat/ | reculèrent /ʁə.ky.lɛʁ/ | |
future | reculerai /ʁə.kyl.ʁe/ | reculeras /ʁə.kyl.ʁa/ | reculera /ʁə.kyl.ʁa/ | reculerons /ʁə.kyl.ʁɔ̃/ | reculerez /ʁə.kyl.ʁe/ | reculeront /ʁə.kyl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | reculerais /ʁə.kyl.ʁɛ/ | reculerais /ʁə.kyl.ʁɛ/ | reculerait /ʁə.kyl.ʁɛ/ | reculerions /ʁə.ky.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ | reculeriez /ʁə.ky.lə.ʁje/ | reculeraient /ʁə.kyl.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | recule /ʁə.kyl/ | recules /ʁə.kyl/ | recule /ʁə.kyl/ | reculions /ʁə.ky.ljɔ̃/ | reculiez /ʁə.ky.lje/ | reculent /ʁə.kyl/ |
imperfect2 | reculasse /ʁə.ky.las/ | reculasses /ʁə.ky.las/ | reculât /ʁə.ky.la/ | reculassions /ʁə.ky.la.sjɔ̃/ | reculassiez /ʁə.ky.la.sje/ | reculassent /ʁə.ky.las/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | recule /ʁə.kyl/ | — | reculons /ʁə.ky.lɔ̃/ | reculez /ʁə.ky.le/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- recul
- reculement
- à reculons
- reculer pour mieux sauter
Related terms
- culer
Further reading
- “reculer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- ulcérer