Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pīpan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *pīpaną.

Verb

*pīpan

To peep, chirp, or squeak (like a bird or rodent)
Synonym: *twitwiʀōn
To talk in a high-pitched or squeaky voice.

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	*pīpan
1st sg. past	*paip
3rd pl. past	*pipun
Past ptcple	*pipan
Infinitive	*pīpan
Genitive infin.	*pīpannjas
Dative infin.	*pīpannjē
Instrum. infin.	*pīpannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*pīpu	*paip
2nd singular	*pīpiʀi	*pipī
3rd singular	*pīpidi	*paip
1st plural	*pīpum	*pipum
2nd plural	*pīpid	*pipud
3rd plural	*pīpand	*pipun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*pīpē	*pipī
2nd singular	*pīpēs	*pipī
3rd singular	*pīpē	*pipī
1st plural	*pīpēm	*pipīm
2nd plural	*pīpēþ	*pipīd
3rd plural	*pīpēn	*pipīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*pīp
Plural	*pīpid
	Present	Past
Participle	*pīpandī	*pipan

Derived terms

*pīpā
*pīpārī

Descendants

Old Saxon: *pīpan
- Middle Low German: pîpen
  - Low German: piepen
  - → German: piepen
Old Dutch: *pīpan
- Middle Dutch: pipen
  - Dutch: pijpen, piepen
  - Limburgish: piepe
Old High German: *phīfan
- Middle High German: pfīfen
  - Alemannic German: pfife
  - Bavarian: pfeifn, pfeifa
    - Cimbrian: faifan
  - Central Franconian: piefe, peife
    - Luxembourgish: päifen
  - East Central German: feifen
  - German: pfeifen
  - Rhine Franconian: poife, peife, piefe
  - Yiddish: פֿײַפֿן‎ (fayfn)
- → Catalan: pifiar
- → Italian: piffero, piffaro
  - → English: piffero
- → Spanish: pifiar
  - ⇒ Spanish: pifia (noun) (back-formation)
    - → Portuguese: pífio