< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/öpke
 | This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Perhaps related to Manchu ᡠᡶᡠᡥᡠ (ufuhu, “lung”).
Noun
*öpke
- lung
- anger
Declension
Declension of *öpke
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *öpke |
| Accusative | *öpkeni, *öpkenig 1) |
| Genitive | *öpkeniŋ |
| Dative | *öpkeke |
| Locative | *öpkede |
| Ablative | *öpkeden |
| Instrumental 2) | *öpken |
| Equative 2) | *öpkeče |
1) Found in early Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur
- Chuvash: ӳпке (üpke)
- Common Turkic: *öpke
- Oghuz
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- Azerbaijani: öfgə, öxbə
- Ottoman Turkish: اوگكه (öfke)
- Gagauz: üfke
- Turkish: öfke, öyken
- Eastern
- Turkmen: öýken
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- Karluk
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (öpke)
- Eastern
- Uyghur: ئۆپكە (öpke)
- Western
- Uzbek: oʻpka
- Kypchak
- Western
- Crimean Tatar: öpke
- Karachay-Balkar: ёпке (öpke)
- Kumyk: оьпке (öpke)
- Southern
- Karakalpak: o'kpa'
- Kazakh: өкпе (ökpe)
- Nogai: оьпке (öpke)
- Eastern
- Kyrgyz: өпкө (öpkö)
- Southern Altai: ӧкпӧ (ökpö)
- Northern
- Bashkir: үпкә (üpkä)
- Tatar: үпкә (üpkä)
- Western
- Siberian
- Old Turkic: [script needed] (öpke) (Yenisei)
- Sayan
- Tofa: өъкпэ (ö"kpe)
- Tuvan: өкпе (ökpe)
- Dukhan: öʰkpe
- Yenisei
- Khakas: ӧкпе (ӧkpe)
- Western Yugur: üʰkpi
Further reading
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 9
- Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, page 540
- Tenišev E. R., editor (2001) Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 276-277
- Jegorov, V. G. (1964), “ӳпке”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 280