< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/česati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kes-.
Verb
*česàti[1][2]
- to scratch
- to comb
Inflection
Conjugation of *česati, *česa, *češetь (?, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *česanьje | *česati | *česatъ | *česalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *česanъ | *češemъ |
| Active | *česavъ | *češę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *česaxъ | *česa | *česa | *češǫ | *češeši | *češetь |
| Dual | *česaxově | *česasta | *česaste | *češevě | *češeta | *češete |
| Plural | *česaxomъ | *česaste | *česašę | *češemъ | *češete | *češǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *česaaxъ | *česaaše | *česaaše | — | *češi | *češi |
| Dual | *česaaxově | *česaašeta | *česaašete | *češivě | *češita | — |
| Plural | *česaaxomъ | *česaašete | *česaaxǫ | *češimъ | *češite | — |
Derived terms
- *česmìnъ / *česmìna
- *česnъ (“garlic”)
- *česadlo (“comb, scratcher”)
- *česalъka (“tool for scratching”)
- *česanъ (“combed”)
Related terms
- *kasati (“to touch? to trot? to fold?”)
- *kosa (“(braided) hair”)
- *kosmъ (“lock of hair, tuft”)
- *kosnǫti (“to touch?”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: чесати (česati)
- Belarusian: часа́ць (časácʹ)
- Russian: чеса́ть (česátʹ)
- Ukrainian: чеса́ти (česáty)
- Old East Slavic: чесати (česati)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: чесати (česati)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: че́ша (čéša)
- Macedonian: чеша (češa)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: чѐшати
- Latin: čèšati
- Chakavian (Vrgada): česȁti
- Chakavian (Orbanići): česȁt
- Slovene: česáti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: česati
- Czech: česat
- Moravian (Mistřice): česat
- Czech: česat
- Polabian: cesăt
- Old Polish: czosać
- Polish: czesać
- Slovak: česať
- Slovincian: čʉ̀ɵ̯săc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: česać
- Lower Sorbian: cesaś
- Old Czech: česati
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “чеса́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 385
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*česati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 85
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “чеса́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*česàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 86: “v. (b) ‘scratch, comb’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “česati: česjǫ česjetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b kæmme, hækle (SA 210; PR 136)”