竟

竟

竟 U+7ADF, 竟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7ADF ← 竞 [U+7ADE] CJK Unified Ideographs 章 → [U+7AE0]

Translingual

Han character

竟 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日竹山 (YTAHU), four-corner 0021₆, composition ⿱音儿)

References

• KangXi: page 871, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25757
• Dae Jaweon: page 1301, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2710, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7ADF

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		竟

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 竟
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (竟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
滰	*ɡaŋʔ
境	*kraŋʔ
竟	*kraŋs
鏡	*kraŋs
獍	*kraŋs
樈	*ɡraŋ
璄	*qraŋʔ
摬	*qraŋʔ

According to Shuowen, an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 音 (“sound”) + 儿 (“man”) - a man has spoken.

Etymology

Cognate with 境 (OC *kraŋʔ, “boundary”) (Schuelsser, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìng (jing⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ging²
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kèng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìng
    • Wade–Giles: ching⁴
    • Yale: jìng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinq
    • Palladius: цзин (czin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ging²
    • Yale: gíng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ging²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ging²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɪŋ³⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèng
    • Tâi-lô: kìng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kexng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gêng²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kéng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keŋ⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠiæŋ^H/

Rime
Character	竟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居慶切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiæŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiaŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/kiaŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kiajŋH/
Li Rong	/kiɐŋH/
Wang Li	/kĭɐŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯ɐŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ging3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]raŋʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kraŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	竟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jìng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjængH ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]raŋʔ-s/
English	end, in the end
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	竟
Reading #	1/1
No.	6869
Phonetic component	竟
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	敬
Old Chinese	/*kraŋs/

Definitions

竟

1. to finish; to end
2. finally; after all; at last
3. unexpectedly; to one's surprise; surprisingly
4. whole; entire

Synonyms

• (unexpectedly):

edit

先勿先 (Wu) 出乎意料地 (chūhūyìliào de)

居然 (jūrán) 硬敢 (Liuzhou)

竟然 (jìngrán)

Compounds

Derived terms from 竟

一探究竟 一竟 有志竟成 有志者事竟成 (yǒu zhì zhě shì jìng chéng) 未竟之志 究竟 (jiūjìng) 竟坐 竟夕 (jìngxī) 竟夜 (jìngyè) 竟天

竟敢 (jìnggǎn) 竟日 (jìngrì) 竟是 (jìngshì) 竟然 (jìngrán) 竟陵八友 考竟 探個究竟／探个究竟 歐陽竟無／欧阳竟无 畢竟／毕竟 (bìjìng)

看個究竟／看个究竟 窮源竟委／穷源竟委 窮竟／穷竟 竟會／竟会 竟爾／竟尔 竟陵體／竟陵体 終竟／终竟 芳蘭竟體／芳兰竟体 難竟全功／难竟全功

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Japanese

Kanji

竟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. end; final

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)
• Kan-on: けい (kei)
• Kun: おわる (owaru, 竟わる); わたる (wataru, 竟る); ついに (tsuini, 竟に)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
竟
つい Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 竟 – see the following entry.

【終つい】3 [noun] end, conclusion [noun] end-of-life, death Alternative spellings 竟, 遂

(This term, 竟, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

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Korean

Hanja

竟 (eumhun 다할 경 (dahal gyeong))

1. Hanja form^? of 경 (“exhaust, end”).

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Vietnamese

Han character

竟: Hán Nôm readings: cánh, cạnh, giạnh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.