Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lapa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lāˀpāˀ. Cognate with Latvian lāpа, Lithuanian lopa, Proto-Germanic *lōfô. Related to *lopъ.

Noun

*lapa f

paw

Inflection

Declension of *lapa (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*lapa	*lapě	*lapy
Accusative	*lapǫ	*lapě	*lapy
Genitive	*lapy	*lapu	*lapъ
Locative	*lapě	*lapu	lapasъ, lapaxъ^*
Dative	*lapě	*lapama	*lapamъ
Instrumental	lapojǫ, lapǫ^**	*lapama	*lapami
Vocative	*lapo	*lapě	*lapy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

*lopъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old Ruthenian: ла́па (lápa)
  - Belarusian: ла́па (lápa)
  - Ukrainian: ла́па (lápa)
- Russian: ла́па (lápa)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic: лапа (lapa)
  Glagolitic: ⰾⰰⱂⰰ (lapa)
- Bulgarian: ла́па (lápa)
- Macedonian: лапа (lapa)
- Slovene: lápa (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: tlapa
- Polish: łapa; dłapa (dialectal)