< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kapľa
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *kapati + *-ja.
Noun
*kapľa f
- drop
Inflection
Declension of *kapľa (soft a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *kapľa | *kapľi | *kapľę̇ |
Accusative | *kapľǫ | *kapľi | *kapľę̇ |
Genitive | *kapľę̇ | *kapľu | *kapľь |
Locative | *kapľi | *kapľu | *kapľasъ, *kapľaxъ* |
Dative | *kapľi | *kapľama | *kapľamъ |
Instrumental | *kapľejǫ, *kapľǫ** | *kapľama | *kapľami |
Vocative | *kapľe | *kapľi | *kapľę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: ка́пля (káplja)
- Ukrainian: ка́пля (káplja)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: каплꙗ (kaplja)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ка̏пља m
- Latin: kȁplja m
- Slovene: káplja (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: kápě
- Polish: kарlа, kарiа
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ка́пля”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress