< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dvignǫti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *dvigati + *-nǫti.
Verb
*dvignǫti pf (imperfective *dvigati)[1]
- to lift, raise
- Synonym: *kręnǫti
Inflection
Conjugation of *dvignǫti, *dviže, *dvignetь (perf., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *dviženьje | *dvignǫti | *dvignǫtъ | *dviglъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *dviženъ | — |
| Active | *dvigъ | — |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dvig(ox)ъ | *dviže | *dviže | *dvignǫ | *dvigneši | *dvignetь |
| Dual | *dvig(ox)ově | *dvig(e/os)ta | *dvig(e/os)te | *dvignevě | *dvigneta | *dvignete |
| Plural | *dvig(ox)omъ | *dvig(e/os)te | *dvigǫ, *dvigošę | *dvignemъ | *dvignete | *dvignǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | — | — | — | — | *dvigni | *dvigni |
| Dual | — | — | — | *dvigněvě | *dvigněta | — |
| Plural | — | — | — | *dvigněmъ | *dvigněte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *dvigeste ⇒ *dvižeste, ...
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Conjugation of *dvignǫti, *dvignǫ, *dvignetь (perf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *dvignovenьje | *dvignǫti | *dvignǫtъ | *dvignǫlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *dvignovenъ | — |
| Active | *dvignǫvъ | — |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dvignǫxъ | *dvignǫ | *dvignǫ | *dvignǫ | *dvigneši | *dvignetь |
| Dual | *dvignǫxově | *dvignǫsta | *dvignǫste | *dvignevě | *dvigneta | *dvignete |
| Plural | *dvignǫxomъ | *dvignǫste | *dvignǫšę | *dvignemъ | *dvignete | *dvignǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | — | — | — | — | *dvigni | *dvigni |
| Dual | — | — | — | *dvigněvě | *dvigněta | — |
| Plural | — | — | — | *dvigněmъ | *dvigněte | — |
- Notes:
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Derived terms
- *orzdvignǫti
- *podvignǫti
- *vъzdvignǫti
Descendants
- Church Slavonic: двигнути (dvignuti), двинути (dvinuti) (Russian)
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: двигнѫти (dvignǫti)
- Old Ruthenian: дви́гнути (dvíhnuti)
- Ukrainian: дви́нути (dvýnuty), дви́гнути (dvýhnuty)
- Russian: дви́нуть (dvínutʹ)
- Old Ruthenian: дви́гнути (dvíhnuti)
- Old East Slavic: двигнѫти (dvignǫti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: двигнѫти (dvignǫti)
- Bulgarian: ди́гна (dígna)
- Macedonian: дигне (digne)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ди̏гнути
- Latin: dȉgnuti
- Slovene: dvígniti
- West Slavic:
- Czech: dvihnouti
- Polabian: dvaignǫt
- Old Polish: dźwignąć
- Polish: dźwignąć
- Slovak: dvihnúť
- Slovincian: dvjḯgnȯu̯c
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “двигать”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dvignǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 168
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “dvig(nǫ)ti: dvignǫ dvignetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 252; PR 133; MP 27)”