< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/šim-
Proto-Semitic
Etymology
From Proto-Afroasiatic *sim- (“name”). Compare with Hausa suna and Central Atlas Tamazight ⵉⵙⵎ (ism), if not borrowed from Arabic.
Noun
*šim- m
- name
Inflection
Declension of *šim-
Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *šimum | *šimāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | *šimim | *šimayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | *šimam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st person | *šimī / *šimVya | — | *šimVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd person m | *šimVka | *šimVkumā / *šimVkumay | *šimVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd person f | *šimVki | *šimVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd person m | *šimVšu | *šimVšumā / *šimVšumay | *šimVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd person f | *šimVša | *šimVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *šimuya for nom. case, *šimiya for gen. case, *šimaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *šim-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *šim-
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Descendants
- East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒈬 (šumum)
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
- Arabic: اِسْم (ism) (see there for further descendants)
- Northwest Semitic:
- Aramaic:
- Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: שְׁמָא (šəmā)
- Classical Syriac: ܫܡܳܐ (šəmā)
- Canaanite:
- Hebrew: שֵׁם (shem, šēm)
- Phoenician: 𐤔𐤌 (šm)
- Ugaritic: 𐎌𐎎 (šm /šumu/)
- Aramaic:
- Old South Arabian:
- Old South Arabian: 𐩪𐩣 (s¹m)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
- Amharic: ስም (səm)
- Argobba: ስም (səm)
- Ge'ez: ስም (səm)
- Tigre: ስም (səm)
- Tigrinya: ስም (səm)
- Modern South Arabian:
- Mehri: ham
- Central Semitic: