Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/kacyápah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kaćyápas. Cognate with Sanskrit कश्यप (kaśyápa).

Noun

*kacyápah m[1]

tortoise, turtle

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kacyápah	*kacyápā	*kacyápā
vocative	*kacyápa	*kacyápā	*kacyápā
accusative	*kacyápam	*kacyápā	*kacyápānh
instrumental	*kacyápā	*kacyápaybyaH	*kacyápāyš
ablative	*kacyápāt	*kacyápaybyaH	*kacyápaybyah
dative	*kacyápāy	*kacyápaybyaH	*kacyápaybyah
genitive	*kacyápahya	*kacyápayāh	*kacyápānam
locative	*kacyápay	*kacyápayaw	*kacyápayšu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Younger Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬞𐬀‎ (kasiiapa)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] (khuysaa)
- Sogdian: [script needed] (kyšph /kiš(a)p/)
- Ossetian: хӕфс (xæfs) / хӕфсӕ (xæfsæ)[2]
Southeastern Iranian:
- Parachi: kasabaka
- Pashto: کشپ‎ (kišáb, kašáb), کيشپ‎ (kišë́p), کيشو‎ (kišáw)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: [script needed] (kāsip), [script needed] (kāsib)
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: کیسەڵ‎ (kîsell), کێسەڵ‎ (kêsell)
  Northern Kurdish: kîsel, kîso, kusî, kûsî, kûsel, kûso
  Southern Kurdish: کەسا‎ (kesa), کیسەڵ‎ (kîsell)
  Laki: کەسەڵ‎ (kesell)
- Southern Tati: [Term?] (kasuya), [Term?] (kasawa)
- Zaza-Gorani:
  Gurani: کیسەڵی‎ (kīsałī)
  Zazaki: kesa
Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian:
  Book Pahlavi: [script needed] (kšwk /kašawag/)
  - Classical Persian: کشف‎ (kašaf)
- Lurish:
  - Northern Luri: کؽسںل‎ (kısəl)

References

Cathcart, Chundra Aroor (2015) Iranian Dialectology and Dialectometry (PhD dissertation)‎, Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley, page 135
Абаев, В. И. (1989) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow, Leningrad: Academy Press, pages 162–163

[1] Cathcart, Chundra Aroor (2015) Iranian Dialectology and Dialectometry (PhD dissertation)‎, Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley, page 135

[2] Абаев, В. И. (1989) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow, Leningrad: Academy Press, pages 162–163