Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Wr̥tragʰnás

< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Wr̥tragʰnás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From *wr̥trás (“shield, cover, obstacle”) +‎ *gʰan- (“to slay”) +‎ *-ás, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover”) and *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay”) respectively. Literally, "the destroyer of obstacles".

Proper noun

*Wr̥tragʰnás m

1. the name of a god of victory

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Wr̥tragʰnás	*Wr̥tragʰnā́	*Wr̥tragʰnā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative	*Wr̥tragʰna	*Wr̥tragʰnā́	*Wr̥tragʰnā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative	*Wr̥tragʰnám	*Wr̥tragʰnā́	*Wr̥tragʰnā́ns
instrumental	*Wr̥tragʰnā́	*Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*Wr̥tragʰnā́yš
ablative	*Wr̥tragʰnā́t	*Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyas
dative	*Wr̥tragʰnā́y	*Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyas
genitive	*Wr̥tragʰnásya	*Wr̥tragʰnáyās	*Wr̥tragʰnā́na(H)m
locative	*Wr̥tragʰnáy	*Wr̥tragʰnáyaw	*Wr̥tragʰnáyšu

Descendants

• Indo-Aryan: *Wr̥tragʰnás
  • Sanskrit: वृत्रघ्न (vṛtraghná, “Indra”, literally “slayer of Vritra”)
    • ⇒ Sanskrit: वार्त्रघ्न (vārtraghna, “pertaining to Indra”, vriddhi)
• Iranian: *Wr̥tragnáh
  • Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬖𐬥𐬀‎ (vərəθraγna, “Verethragna”)
  • Bactrian: ορλαγνο (orlagno)
  • Sogdian: [script needed] (wyδrʾɣn /Wēžaɣn/), 𐫇𐫢𐫄𐫗‎ (wšɣn /w(i)šaɣn/)
  • Parthian: 𐭅𐭓𐭉𐭇𐭓𐭌‎ (wryḥrm /Warahrām, Wahrām/)
  • Middle Persian: 𐭥𐭫𐭧𐭫𐭠𐭭‎ (wlḥlʾn /Warahrām, Warahrān, Wahrām/)
    • Persian: بهرام‎ (Bahrâm)
      • → Middle Armenian: Բերամ (Beram), Պերամ (Peram)
  • → Old Armenian: Վահագն (Vahagn)
  • → Old Armenian: Վահրամ (Vahram)
  • → Old Armenian: Վռամ (Vṙam)
  • → Classical Syriac: [script needed] (Varaθrān)
  • → Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (Bahrān)
  • → Ancient Greek: Οὐαράχης (Ouarákhēs), Οὐαραράχης (Ouararákhēs), Οὐαραράνης (Ouararánēs), Οὐαράνης (Ouaránēs), Οὐαράκης (Ouarákēs), Οὐαραράκης (Ouararákēs), Οὐαρανᾶς (Ouaranâs), Γοροράνης (Gororánēs), Γοράννης (Goránnēs), Βάραμος (Báramos), Βαράμ (Barám)
  • → Latin: Varanes

Further reading

• Ačaṙyan, Hračʿya (1962), “Վահագն”, in Hayocʿ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Personal Names] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: University Press, pages 8–9
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, pages 75–78
• Justi, Ferdinand (1895) Iranisches Namenbuch (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, pages 361–365
• Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “vṛtrá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University