< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/yem-
Proto-Indo-European
Root
*yem-[1][2][3]
- to hold, restrain
- to take, seize
Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *yem-
- *h₂e-yḗm-ti ~ *h₂e-yem-énti (narten-type root aorist present)[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hayā́mti[4]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hayā́mti
- Sanskrit: अयमुर् (ayamur, 3pl.act.)
- Proto-Iranian: *Hayā́mti[5][6] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hayā́mti
- Proto-Tocharian: *yäm- (“to achieve”)[7]
- Tocharian A: yomär
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hayā́mti[4]
- *yem-néH-ti (neH-present)
- Proto-Tocharian: *yämnā- (“to achieve”)[7]
- Tocharian A: [Term?] (yomnās, 3sg.fut.)
- Tocharian B: [Term?] (yanmacer, 2pl.fut.)
- Proto-Tocharian: *yämnā- (“to achieve”)[7]
- *ym̥-sḱ-éti (sḱe-present)[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yaŝćáti[6]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yaćśáti
- Sanskrit: यच्छति (yácchati), यछति (yáchati)
- Proto-Iranian: *yaŝáti[6] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yaćśáti
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yaŝćáti[6]
- ye-yóm-e ~ ye-ym̥-ḗr (reduplicated stative)[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *́yayā́ma
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yayā́ma
- Sanskrit: ययन्थ (yayantha)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yayā́ma
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *́yayā́ma
- yom-éye-ti (eye-causative)[1]
- ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yāmáyati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yāmáyati
- Sanskrit: आ यामयन्ति (ā́ yāmayanti)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yāmáyati
- ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yāmáyati
- *yém-ont-s ~ *ym̥-nt-és
- ⇒ *ym̥nt-(t)ró-m
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yantrám[6]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yantrám
- Sanskrit: यन्त्र n (yantrá, “fastening”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yantrám
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yantrám[6]
- ⇒ *ym̥nt-wr̥
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yantwŕ̥
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yantwŕ̥
- Sanskrit: *यन्तुर् (*yantúr, nom.sg.)[8], यन्तुरम् m (yantúram, “guider, guiding”, acc.sg.)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yantwŕ̥
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yantwŕ̥
- ⇒ *ym̥nt-(t)ró-m
- yém-o-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yámas
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yámas
- Sanskrit: यम (yáma, “rein, curb, bridle”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yámas
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yámas
- *yém-ti-s ~ *ym̥-téy-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yátis
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yátis
- Sanskrit: यतिस् (yátis, “holding, guidance”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yátis
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yátis
- *yom-ó-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yāmás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yāmás
- Sanskrit: सुयाम (suyāmá, “restraining well”) (+ सु (su))
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *yāmás
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yāmás
- *ym̥-tó-s (“held, restrained”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yatás (see there for further descendants)
References
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*i̯em-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “i̭em-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 505
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “YAM”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 399-400
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “yam”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
- Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*i̭am”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 211-212
- Edelʹman, D. I. (2011), “*i̭am-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 68-78
- Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “yäm-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 538-539
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “yantúr-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 398