Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steygʰ-

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steygʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*steygʰ- (imperfective)[1][2][3]

1. to go
2. to climb

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steygʰ-

• *stéygʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)

• *stḗygʰ-s-t ~ *stéygʰ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)[2][4]
  • Proto-Celtic: *teixstē[5]
    • Old Irish: tías

• *stoygʰ-éye-ti (eye-causative)
  • Proto-Germanic: *staigijaną (“to raise up, elevate”) (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *staigraz (“elevating; steep”) (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *staigriz (“scaffold; stairs”) (see there for further descendants)

• *stigʰ-néw-ti ~ *stigʰ-n̥w-énti (new-present)[2]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *stingneutei
    • Proto-Slavic: *stìgnǫti (“to attain, reach”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *stigʰnáwti
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *stigʰnáwti
      • Sanskrit: स्तिघ्नोति (stighnóti, “to mount, step up, rise”)

• *sti-né-gʰ-ti ~ *sti-n-gʰ-énti (nasal-infix)[2]
  • Proto-Celtic: *tinxti[2][5]
    • * Old Irish: téit (see there for further descendants)

• *stéygʰ-s ~ *stigʰ-és (“path”)

• *stéygʰ-ti-s ~ *stigʰ-téy-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *stihtiz (“track”)[6]
    • Proto-West Germanic: *stihti
      • Dutch: sticht
    • Old Norse: stétt
      • Norwegian: stætt

• *stóygʰ-i-s ~ *stigʰ-éy-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *stigiz (“a climb, ascent”) (see there for further descendants)

• *stóygʰ-o-s (“path, way”)

• *stigʰ-tó-s[1]
  • Proto-Germanic: *stihtaz
    • Old Norse: stéttr (“pavement”) (see there for further descendants)

References

1. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “steigh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1017-1018
2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*stei̯gh”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 593-594
3. Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*steigh-”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 396
4. Lewis, Henry; Pedersen, Holger (1989) A Concise Comparative Celtic Grammar, 3rd edition, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 288: “*steigh-s-t”
5. Schumacher, Stefan; Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 637
6. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*stihti-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 479