< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swippōną
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From pre-Germanic *swip-néh₂-ti, zero-grade iterative of *swībaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈswip.pɔː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*swippōną
- to sway, move swiftly, swerve
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *swipp- against non-singular *swib-.
Conjugation of *swippōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *swippō | *swippǭ | — | *swippōi | ? |
| 2nd singular | *swippōsi | *swippōs | *swippō | *swippōsai | *swippōsau |
| 3rd singular | *swippōþi | *swippō | *swippōþau | *swippōþai | *swippōþau |
| 1st dual | *swippōs | *swippōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *swippōþiz | *swippōþiz | *swippōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *swippōmaz | *swippōm | — | *swippōnþai | *swippōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *swippōþ | *swippōþ | *swippōþ | *swippōnþai | *swippōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *swippōnþi | *swippōn | *swippōnþau | *swippōnþai | *swippōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *swippōdǭ | *swippōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *swippōdēz | *swippōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *swippōdē | *swippōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *swippōdēdū | *swippōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *swippōdēdudiz | *swippōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *swippōdēdum | *swippōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *swippōdēdud | *swippōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *swippōdēdun | *swippōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *swippōndz | *swippōdaz | |||
Derived terms
- *swaipaną
- *swipatjaną (+ *-atjaną)
- Old Norse: svipta, svypta (“to move quickly, fling, gather, deprive”)
- *swipraz
- ⇒ *gaswipraz
Descendants
- Old English: swipian, sweopian, swippan
- Middle English: swippen, swipen
- Middle English: swipe, (obsolete) swip
- Middle English: swippen, swipen
- German: schwippen
- Old Norse: svipa
- Danish: svippe
- Icelandic: svipa
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN