< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stultaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to place, stand”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈstul.tɑz/
Adjective
*stultaz
- proud
- stately
- stiff
Inflection
Declension of *stultaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *stultaz | *stultai | *stultō | *stultôz | *stultą, -atō | *stultō |
| Accusative | *stultanǭ | *stultanz | *stultǭ | *stultōz | *stultą, -atō | *stultō |
| Genitive | *stultas, -is | *stultaizǫ̂ | *stultaizōz | *stultaizǫ̂ | *stultas, -is | *stultaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *stultammai | *stultaimaz | *stultaizōi | *stultaimaz | *stultammai | *stultaimaz |
| Instrumental | *stultanō | *stultaimiz | *stultaizō | *stultaimiz | *stultanō | *stultaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *stultô | *stultaniz | *stultǭ | *stultōniz | *stultô | *stultōnō |
| Accusative | *stultanų | *stultanunz | *stultōnų | *stultōnunz | *stultô | *stultōnō |
| Genitive | *stultiniz | *stultanǫ̂ | *stultōniz | *stultōnǫ̂ | *stultiniz | *stultanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *stultini | *stultammaz | *stultōni | *stultōmaz | *stultini | *stultammaz |
| Instrumental | *stultinē | *stultammiz | *stultōnē | *stultōmiz | *stultinē | *stultammiz |
Derived terms
- *stultijaną
Descendants
- Old English: *stolt (found in derivative styltan)
- Old Frisian: stult, stolt
- North Frisian: stolt
- Saterland Frisian: stolt
- Old Saxon: *stolt
- Middle Low German: stolt
- Low German: stolt
- Middle Low German: stolt
- Frankish: *stult, *stolt; *stultatjan
- Old Dutch: *stolt
- Middle Dutch: stolt, stout
- Dutch: stout
- Middle Dutch: stolt, stout
- → Old French: estolt, estout, estot, estut; estoutie, estutie, estotie; estoutoier, estotier
- Middle French: estout
- French: stout (dialectal)
- → Middle English: stout; stoteye; stotaien, stotayen
- English: stout; stoteye; stotay
- → French: stout
- English: stout; stoteye; stotay
- Middle French: estout
- → Old Occitan: estolt, estout
- Occitan: estout
- Old Dutch: *stolt
- Old High German: stolz
- Middle High German: stolz
- German: stolz
- Hunsrik: stols
- Vilamovian: śtułc
- Yiddish: שטאָלץ (shtolts)
- Middle High German: stolz
- Old Norse: stoltr
- Icelandic: stoltur
- Faroese: stoltur
- Norwegian: stolt
- Old Swedish: stolter
- Swedish: stolt
- Danish: stolt