< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lausaz
 | This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *lewH- (“to untie, set free, separate”). Related to *leusaną and Ancient Greek λύω (lúō).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlɑu̯.sɑz/
Adjective
*lausaz
- loose, free
- empty, devoid
- false, untrue
- (in compounds) -less, lacking, devoid of
Inflection
Declension of *lausaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *lausaz | *lausai | *lausō | *lausôz | *lausą, -atō | *lausō |
| Accusative | *lausanǭ | *lausanz | *lausǭ | *lausōz | *lausą, -atō | *lausō |
| Genitive | *lausas, -is | *lausaizǫ̂ | *lausaizōz | *lausaizǫ̂ | *lausas, -is | *lausaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *lausammai | *lausaimaz | *lausaizōi | *lausaimaz | *lausammai | *lausaimaz |
| Instrumental | *lausanō | *lausaimiz | *lausaizō | *lausaimiz | *lausanō | *lausaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *lausô | *lausaniz | *lausǭ | *lausōniz | *lausô | *lausōnō |
| Accusative | *lausanų | *lausanunz | *lausōnų | *lausōnunz | *lausô | *lausōnō |
| Genitive | *lausiniz | *lausanǫ̂ | *lausōniz | *lausōnǫ̂ | *lausiniz | *lausanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *lausini | *lausammaz | *lausōni | *lausōmaz | *lausini | *lausammaz |
| Instrumental | *lausinē | *lausammiz | *lausōnē | *lausōmiz | *lausinē | *lausammiz |
Derived terms
- *-lausaz
- *lausijaną
- *lustuz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *laus
- Old English: lēas
- Middle English: leas, lees, les
- Old Frisian: *lās (in compounds)
- North Frisian: lus, luas
- Saterland Frisian: loos
- West Frisian: loas
- Old Saxon: lōs
- Middle Low German: lōs
- Plautdietsch: looss
- Middle Low German: lōs
- Old Dutch: *lōs
- Middle Dutch: loos
- Dutch: loos
- Afrikaans: loos
- Dutch: loos
- Middle Dutch: loos
- Old High German: lōs, -laos (once)
- Middle High German: lōs
- German: los
- Middle High German: lōs
- Old English: lēas
- Old Norse: lauss
- Icelandic: laus
- Faroese: leysur
- Norn: los
- Norwegian Nynorsk: laus
- → Norwegian Bokmål: laus
- Swedish: lös
- Danish: løs
- Norwegian Bokmål: løs
- Gutnish: låss
- Westrobothnian: laus
- → Middle English: laus, lous, loos
- English: loose
- Scots: lous, lows, loose
- Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 (laus)